Neuronal Control of Esophageal Peristalsis and Its Role in Esophageal Disease

Overview

Journal Curr Gastroenterol Rep

Specialty Gastroenterology

Date 2019 Nov 25

PMID 31760496

Citations 13

Authors

K Nikaki

A Sawada

A Ustaoglu

D Sifrim

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Purpose Of Review: Esophageal peristalsis is a highly sophisticated function that involves the coordinated contraction and relaxation of striated and smooth muscles in a cephalocaudal fashion, under the control of central and peripheral neuronal mechanisms and a number of neurotransmitters. Esophageal peristalsis is determined by the balance of the intrinsic excitatory cholinergic, inhibitory nitrergic and post-inhibitory rebound excitatory output to the esophageal musculature.

Recent Findings: Dissociation of the longitudinal and circular muscle contractions characterizes different major esophageal disorders and leads to esophageal symptoms. Provocative testing during esophageal high-resolution manometry is commonly employed to assess esophageal body peristaltic reserve and underpin clinical diagnosis. Herein, we summarize the main factors that determine esophageal peristalsis and examine their role in major and minor esophageal motility disorders and eosinophilic esophagitis.

Citing Articles

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