Biological Functions of the ING Proteins

Overview

Journal Cancers (Basel)

Publisher MDPI

Specialty Oncology

Date 2019 Nov 23

PMID 31752342

Citations 23

Authors

Arthur Dantas

Buthaina Al Shueili

Yang Yang

Arash Nabbi

Dieter Fink

Karl Riabowol

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The proteins belonging to the inhibitor of growth (ING) family of proteins serve as epigenetic readers of the H3K4Me3 histone mark of active gene transcription and target histone acetyltransferase (HAT) or histone deacetylase (HDAC) protein complexes, in order to alter local chromatin structure. These multidomain adaptor proteins interact with numerous other proteins to facilitate their localization and the regulation of numerous biochemical pathways that impinge upon biological functions. Knockout of some of the ING genes in murine models by various groups has verified their status as tumor suppressors, with ING1 knockout resulting in the formation of large clear-cell B-lymphomas and ING2 knockout increasing the frequency of ameloblastomas, among other phenotypic effects. ING4 knockout strongly affects innate immunity and angiogenesis, and INGs1, ING2, and ING4 have been reported to affect apoptosis in different cellular models. Although ING3 and ING5 knockouts have yet to be published, preliminary reports indicate that ING3 knockout results in embryonic lethality and that ING5 knockout may have postpartum effects on stem cell maintenance. In this review, we compile the known information on the domains of the INGs and the effects of altering ING protein expression, to better understand the functions of this adaptor protein family and its possible uses for targeted cancer therapy.

Citing Articles

Inhibitor of Growth Proteins: Epigenetic Regulators Shaping Neurobiology.

Xu Z, Xu H, Shi J, Liu R, Li X, Liu S Biomolecules. 2025; 15(2).

PMID: 40001584 PMC: 11852745. DOI: 10.3390/biom15020281.

Knockout of the ING5 epigenetic regulator confirms roles in stem cell maintenance and tumor suppression in vivo.

Al Shueili B, Dantas A, Mahe E, Chu T, Yang Y, Labit E PLoS One. 2025; 20(1):e0313255.

PMID: 39787145 PMC: 11717183. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0313255.

Phosphoinositide signaling in the nucleus: Impacts on chromatin and transcription regulation.

Hifdi N, Vaucourt M, Hnia K, Panasyuk G, Vandromme M Biol Cell. 2024; 117(1):e2400096.

PMID: 39707648 PMC: 11771838. DOI: 10.1111/boc.202400096.

Decreased Nuclear Immunoexpression of ING3 is a Frequent Event in Lip Carcinogenesis.

de Barros J, Morais H, de Oliveira Costa C, Rolim L, Lopes M, Guedes Queiroz L Head Neck Pathol. 2024; 18(1):103.

PMID: 39412571 PMC: 11485000. DOI: 10.1007/s12105-024-01683-w.

Tumor immune microenvironment permissive to metastatic progression of ING4-deficient breast cancer.

Tsutsumi E, Macy A, LoBello J, Hastings K, Kim S PLoS One. 2024; 19(7):e0304194.

PMID: 38968186 PMC: 11226078. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304194.

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