Utilization of Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Method Combined with Lateral Flow Dipstick for Visual Detection of Respiratory Syncytial Virus

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major causative agent of respiratory tract infection necessitating hospitalization in children. A rapid diagnostic method would facilitate early detection of RSV infection and timely implementation of special treatment. Here, a reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA) assay combined with lateral flow dipstick (LFD) was evaluated for rapid visual detection of RSV. The primers were designed to target the conserved L gene. The RT-RPA-LFD assay could simultaneously detect RSV subtype A and B with the same detection limit of 10 copies of a given RNA molecule. Moreover, the assay showed no cross-reactivity with other common human pathogens. The performance of the RT-RPA-LFD assay was evaluated by testing 136 nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs). The agreement of the detection results between RT-RPA-LFD and qRT-PCR was 100% (34 positive and 102 negative cases). In summary, the developed RT-RPA-LFD assay had good performance in detecting RSV in clinical specimens, thus providing a novel alternative solution for the detection of RSV under field conditions.