Air Pollution and Estimated Health Costs Related to Road Transportations of Goods in Italy: A First Healthcare Burden Assessment

Overview

Journal Int J Environ Res Public Health

Publisher MDPI

Specialties Environmental Health
Public Health

Date 2019 Aug 15

PMID 31408946

Citations 3

Authors

Prisco Piscitelli

Barbara Valenzano

Emanuele Rizzo

Giuseppe Maggiotto

Matteo Rivezzi

Felice Esposito Corcione

Alessandro Miani

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

: The Italian Society of Environmental Medicine has performed a preliminary assessment of the health impact attributable to road freight traffic in Italy. : We estimated fine particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) generated by road transportation of goods in Italy considering the number of trucks, the emission factors and the average annual distance covered in the year 2016. Simulations on data concerning Years of Life Lost (YLL) attributable to PM2.5 (593,700) and nitrogen oxides NO2 (200,700) provided by the European Environmental Agency (EEA) were used as a proxy of healthcare burden. We set three different healthcare burden scenarios, varying from 1/5 to 1/10 of the proportion of the overall particulate matter attributable to road freight traffic in Italy (about 7% on a total of 2262 tons/year). : Road freight traffic in Italy produced about 189 tons of PM10, 147 tons of PM2.5 and 4125 tons of NOx in year 2016, resulting in annual healthcare costs varying from 400 million up to 1.2 billion EUR per year. : Road freight traffic has a relevant impact on air pollution and healthcare costs, especially if considered over a 10-year period. Any solution able to significantly reduce the road transportation of goods could decrease avoidable mortality due to air pollution and related costs.

Citing Articles

Impact of Air Pollution in Airway Diseases: Role of the Epithelial Cells (Cell Models and Biomarkers).

Albano G, Montalbano A, Gagliardo R, Anzalone G, Profita M Int J Mol Sci. 2022; 23(5).

PMID: 35269941 PMC: 8911203. DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052799.

Risk analysis of different transport vehicles in India during COVID-19 pandemic.

Das D, Ramachandran G Environ Res. 2021; 199:111268.

PMID: 33984308 PMC: 8110332. DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111268.

An Assessment of Annual Mortality Attributable to Ambient PM in Bangkok, Thailand.

R Fold N, Allison M, C Wood B, Thao P, Bonnet S, Garivait S Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020; 17(19).

PMID: 33036260 PMC: 7578932. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197298.

References

Palli D, Saieva C, Munnia A, Peluso M, Grechi D, Zanna I . DNA adducts and PM(10) exposure in traffic-exposed workers and urban residents from the EPIC-Florence City study. Sci Total Environ. 2008; 403(1-3):105-12. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.05.041. View

Scheers H, Mwalili S, Faes C, Fierens F, Nemery B, Nawrot T . Does air pollution trigger infant mortality in Western Europe? A case-crossover study. Environ Health Perspect. 2011; 119(7):1017-22. PMC: 3223000. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1002913. View

Gauderman W, Vora H, McConnell R, Berhane K, Gilliland F, Thomas D . Effect of exposure to traffic on lung development from 10 to 18 years of age: a cohort study. Lancet. 2007; 369(9561):571-7. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60037-3. View

Alexis N, Barnes C, Bernstein I, Bernstein J, Nel A, Peden D . Health effects of air pollution. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2004; 114(5):1116-23. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2004.08.030. View

Gryparis A, Forsberg B, Katsouyanni K, Analitis A, Touloumi G, Schwartz J . Acute effects of ozone on mortality from the "air pollution and health: a European approach" project. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2004; 170(10):1080-7. DOI: 10.1164/rccm.200403-333OC. View

Colais P, Faustini A, Stafoggia M, Berti G, Bisanti L, Cadum E . Particulate air pollution and hospital admissions for cardiac diseases in potentially sensitive subgroups. Epidemiology. 2012; 23(3):473-81. DOI: 10.1097/EDE.0b013e31824d5a85. View

Annesi-Maesano I, Moreau D, Caillaud D, Lavaud F, Moullec Y, Taytard A . Residential proximity fine particles related to allergic sensitisation and asthma in primary school children. Respir Med. 2007; 101(8):1721-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2007.02.022. View

Badaloni C, Cesaroni G, Cerza F, Davoli M, Brunekreef B, Forastiere F . Effects of long-term exposure to particulate matter and metal components on mortality in the Rome longitudinal study. Environ Int. 2017; 109:146-154. DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.005. View

Samet J, Dominici F, Curriero F, Coursac I, Zeger S . Fine particulate air pollution and mortality in 20 U.S. cities, 1987-1994. N Engl J Med. 2000; 343(24):1742-9. DOI: 10.1056/NEJM200012143432401. View

10.

Pope 3rd C, Thun M, Namboodiri M, Dockery D, Evans J, Speizer F . Particulate air pollution as a predictor of mortality in a prospective study of U.S. adults. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1995; 151(3 Pt 1):669-74. DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm/151.3_Pt_1.669. View

11.

Biggeri A, Bellini P, Terracini B . [Meta-analysis of the Italian studies on short-term effects of air pollution--MISA 1996-2002]. Epidemiol Prev. 2005; 28(4-5 Suppl):4-100. View

12.

Romeo E, De Sario M, Forastiere F, Compagnucci P, Stafoggia M, Bergamaschi A . [PM 10 exposure and asthma exacerbations in pediatric age: a meta-analysis of panel and time-series studies]. Epidemiol Prev. 2006; 30(4-5):245-54. View

13.

de Medeiros A, Gouveia N, Machado R, de Souza M, Alencar G, Novaes H . Traffic-related air pollution and perinatal mortality: a case-control study. Environ Health Perspect. 2009; 117(1):127-32. PMC: 2627856. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.11679. View

14.

Dominici F, Peng R, Bell M, Pham L, McDermott A, Zeger S . Fine particulate air pollution and hospital admission for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. JAMA. 2006; 295(10):1127-34. PMC: 3543154. DOI: 10.1001/jama.295.10.1127. View

15.

Chuang K, Chan C, Su T, Lee C, Tang C . The effect of urban air pollution on inflammation, oxidative stress, coagulation, and autonomic dysfunction in young adults. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007; 176(4):370-6. DOI: 10.1164/rccm.200611-1627OC. View

16.

Brauer M, Hoek G, Smit H, de Jongste J, Gerritsen J, Postma D . Air pollution and development of asthma, allergy and infections in a birth cohort. Eur Respir J. 2007; 29(5):879-88. DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00083406. View

17.

Chen H, Goldberg M, Villeneuve P . A systematic review of the relation between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and chronic diseases. Rev Environ Health. 2009; 23(4):243-97. DOI: 10.1515/reveh.2008.23.4.243. View

18.

Kunzli N, Kaiser R, Medina S, Studnicka M, Chanel O, Filliger P . Public-health impact of outdoor and traffic-related air pollution: a European assessment. Lancet. 2000; 356(9232):795-801. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)02653-2. View

19.

Filleul L, Rondeau V, Vandentorren S, Le Moual N, Cantagrel A, Annesi-Maesano I . Twenty five year mortality and air pollution: results from the French PAARC survey. Occup Environ Med. 2005; 62(7):453-60. PMC: 1741053. DOI: 10.1136/oem.2004.014746. View

20.

Pope 3rd C, Burnett R, Thun M, Calle E, Krewski D, Ito K . Lung cancer, cardiopulmonary mortality, and long-term exposure to fine particulate air pollution. JAMA. 2002; 287(9):1132-41. PMC: 4037163. DOI: 10.1001/jama.287.9.1132. View