The Influence of Multiculturalism and Assimilation on Work-Related Outcomes: Differences Between Ethnic Minority and Majority Groups of Workers

Overview

Journal Psychol Belg

Publisher Ubiquity Press

Specialty Psychology

Date 2019 Aug 2

PMID 31367456

Citations 1

Authors

Patrizia Villotti

Florence Stinglhamber

Donatienne Desmette

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

This study aims at acquiring knowledge on how to manage ethnic diversity at work in order to promote work-outcomes in minority and majority groups of workers. We tested a model on how assimilation and multiculturalism, endorsed at an organizational level, predict job satisfaction and intention to quit through a mediation role played by the identification of workers with both the organization and their ethnic group simultaneously (i.e., dual identity). We hypothesized that the indirect effects of multiculturalism on work outcomes via dual identity are stronger for minority and those of assimilation are stronger for majority. Data came from 261 employees who responded to an online survey. 77 were of foreign origin (minority group) and 184 were of Belgian origin (majority group). Both assimilation and multiculturalism relate positively to work-related outcomes for both groups. However, multiculturalism through dual identity has the most beneficial outcomes for workers of the minority group. Our findings highlight the need to take ethnic and identity issues in account when studying work outcomes in culturally diverse organizations.

Citing Articles

Globalization: Embracing global citizenship and the right to migrate.

Bhattacharya S J Family Med Prim Care. 2024; 13(4):1160-1164.

PMID: 38827698 PMC: 11141978. DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1992_23.

References

Preacher K, Rucker D, Hayes A . Addressing Moderated Mediation Hypotheses: Theory, Methods, and Prescriptions. Multivariate Behav Res. 2016; 42(1):185-227. DOI: 10.1080/00273170701341316. View

LaFromboise T, Coleman H, Gerton J . Psychological impact of biculturalism: evidence and theory. Psychol Bull. 1993; 114(3):395-412. DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.114.3.395. View

Bentler P . Comparative fit indexes in structural models. Psychol Bull. 1990; 107(2):238-46. DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.107.2.238. View

Preacher K, Hayes A . SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models. Behav Res Methods Instrum Comput. 2005; 36(4):717-31. DOI: 10.3758/bf03206553. View

Park B, Judd C . Rethinking the link between categorization and prejudice within the social cognition perspective. Pers Soc Psychol Rev. 2005; 9(2):108-30. DOI: 10.1207/s15327957pspr0902_2. View

Igarashi A . Till multiculturalism do us part: Multicultural policies and the national identification of immigrants in European countries. Soc Sci Res. 2018; 77:88-100. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2018.10.005. View

Beheri W . Diversity within nursing: effects on nurse-nurse interaction, job satisfaction, and turnover. Nurs Adm Q. 2009; 33(3):216-26. DOI: 10.1097/NAQ.0b013e3181accacc. View

Verkuyten M . Ethnic group identification and group evaluation among minority and majority groups: testing the multiculturalism hypothesis. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2005; 88(1):121-38. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.88.1.121. View

Gans H . Toward a reconciliation of "assimilation" and "pluralism": the interplay of acculturation and ethnic retention. Int Migr Rev. 1997; 31(4):875-92. View

10.

Saguy T, Dovidio J, Pratto F . Beyond contact: intergroup contact in the context of power relations. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2008; 34(3):432-45. DOI: 10.1177/0146167207311200. View

11.

Crisp R, Stone C, Hall N . Recategorization and subgroup identification: predicting and preventing threats from common ingroups. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2005; 32(2):230-43. DOI: 10.1177/0146167205280908. View

12.

Yogeeswaran K, Dasgupta N . The devil is in the details: abstract versus concrete construals of multiculturalism differentially impact intergroup relations. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2014; 106(5):772-89. DOI: 10.1037/a0035830. View

13.

Hehman E, Gaertner S, Dovidio J, Mania E, Guerra R, Wilson D . Group status drives majority and minority integration preferences. Psychol Sci. 2011; 23(1):46-52. DOI: 10.1177/0956797611423547. View

14.

Preacher K, Hayes A . Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behav Res Methods. 2008; 40(3):879-91. DOI: 10.3758/brm.40.3.879. View

15.

Edwards J, Lambert L . Methods for integrating moderation and mediation: a general analytical framework using moderated path analysis. Psychol Methods. 2007; 12(1):1-22. DOI: 10.1037/1082-989X.12.1.1. View

16.

Utsey S, Chae M, Brown C, Kelly D . Effect of ethnic group membership on ethnic identity, race-related stress, and quality of life. Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol. 2002; 8(4):366-377. DOI: 10.1037/1099-9809.8.4.367. View

17.

Rosenthal L, Levy S . The relation between polyculturalism and intergroup attitudes among racially and ethnically diverse adults. Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol. 2012; 18(1):1-16. DOI: 10.1037/a0026490. View

18.

Plaut V, Garnett F, Buffardi L, Sanchez-Burks J . "What about me?" Perceptions of exclusion and whites' reactions to multiculturalism. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2011; 101(2):337-53. DOI: 10.1037/a0022832. View

19.

Plaut V, Thomas K, Goren M . Is multiculturalism or color blindness better for minorities?. Psychol Sci. 2009; 20(4):444-6. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02318.x. View

20.

Verkuyten M, Yildiz A . National (dis)identification and ethnic and religious identity: a study among Turkish-Dutch muslims. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2007; 33(10):1448-62. DOI: 10.1177/0146167207304276. View