A Standardized Extract of Stem (ETAS) Ameliorates Cognitive Impairment, Inhibits Amyloid β Deposition Via BACE-1 and Normalizes Circadian Rhythm Signaling Via MT1 and MT2

Overview

Journal Nutrients

Date 2019 Jul 20

PMID 31319549

Citations 5

Authors

Yin-Ching Chan

Ci-Sian Wu

Tsai-Chen Wu

Yu-Hsuan Lin

Sue-Joan Chang

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The prevalence of cognitive impairments and circadian disturbances increases in the elderly and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. This study investigated the effects of a standardized extract of stem, ETAS on cognitive impairments and circadian rhythm status in senescence-accelerated mice prone 8 (SAMP8). ETAS consists of two major bioactive constituents: 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (HMF), an abundant constituent, and (S)-asfural, a novel constituent, which is a derivative of HMF. Three-month-old SAMP8 male mice were divided into a control, 200 and 1000 mg/kg BW ETAS groups, while senescence-accelerated resistant mice (SAMR1) were used as the normal control. After 12-week feeding, ETAS significantly enhanced cognitive performance by an active avoidance test, inhibited the expressions of amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) and BACE-1 and lowered the accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) in the brain. ETAS also significantly increased neuron number in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and normalized the expressions of the melatonin receptor 1 (MT1) and melatonin receptor 2 (MT2). In conclusion, ETAS enhances the cognitive ability, inhibits Aβ deposition and normalizes circadian rhythm signaling, suggesting it is beneficial for preventing cognitive impairments and circadian rhythm disturbances in aging.

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