Development and Evaluation Educational Videos of Diabetic Foot Care in Traditional Languages to Enhance Knowledge of Patients Diagnosed with Diabetes and Risk for Diabetic Foot Ulcers

Aim: This study aimed to develop an educational video for diabetic foot care in the traditional languages (Buginese and Makassarese) and evaluate the change in the patients' knowledge level after they viewed the video.

Methods: The study was performed in the following three phases: development of the video content using a Delphi Study that involved wound-care nurses, evaluation of the video's content validity by the expert panel, and evaluation of the video in the community setting by showing it to patients who spoke the traditional languages, were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM), and were at risk of diabetic foot ulcers (DFU).

Results: Five themes emerged from the Delphi study, including observation of pre-ulcer signs, washing feet, cutting toenails, wearing socks, and checking footwear. Content validity evaluation recommended these items to be constructed for video education using the traditional languages. Evaluation in the community setting confirmed that there was a significant improvement (p = 0.001) in the knowledge about foot care among patients diagnosed with diabetes and at risk of DFU.

Conclusion: This study produced an educational video that used the trans-cultural approach by using traditional languages to overcome the communication barrier in the process of knowledge transfer. We found that the educational video in traditional languages enhanced the patients' knowledge about diabetic foot care and thus could enable them to detect the risks for DFU and prevent DFU.