Late Life Maintenance and Enhancement of Functional Exercise Capacity in Low and High Responding Rats After Low Intensity Treadmill Training

Overview

Journal Exp Gerontol

Specialty Geriatrics

Date 2019 Jul 16

PMID 31306740

Citations 4

Authors

Lemuel A Brown

Peter C Macpherson

Lauren G Koch

Nathan R Qi

Steven L Britton

Susan V Brooks

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Aim: To determine if exercise late in life provides any functional improvements or underlying beneficial biochemical adaptations in rats bred to have a high response to training (HRT rats) or little to no response to training (LRT rats).

Methods: Adult (11 months) and old (22 months) female LRT and HRT rats either remained sedentary (SED) or were exercised (EXER) on a treadmill 2-3 times/week at 60% of their initial maximum running speed and distance for 4 months. At 26 months of age, exercise capacity was re-evaluated and extensor digitorum longus, gastrocnemius (GTN), and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles were excised for histological and biochemical analysis.

Results: Both SED-HRT and SED-LRT rats showed decreased exercise capacity from 22 to 26 months, but with 4 months of treadmill training, EXER-HRT rats displayed a 50% improvement in exercise capacity while EXER-LRT rats maintained pre-training levels. Protein levels of antioxidant enzymes PRDX3, CuZnSOD, and PRXV were 6-fold greater in TA muscles of aged HRT rats compared to LRT rats. PGC-1α protein levels were ~2-fold greater in GTN and TA muscles of aged HRT than in LRT rats and TFAM protein was similarly elevated in GTN muscles of aged HRT rats compared with LRT rats. BNIP3 protein levels were 5-fold greater in TA muscles of aged HRT than in LRT rats while PINK1 protein content was reduced by 78% in GTN muscles of aged HRT rats compared with LRT rats.

Conclusion: HRT rats retained the ability to improve exercise capacity into late life and that ability was associated with inherent and adaptive changes in antioxidant enzyme levels and markers of and mitochondrial quality related to healthspan benefits in aging. Moreover, low intensity exercise prevented the age-associated decline in functional exercise capacity in LRT rats.

Citing Articles

Exercise and mitochondrial mechanisms in patients with sarcopenia.

Pahlavani H, Laher I, Knechtle B, Zouhal H Front Physiol. 2022; 13:1040381.

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Effects of Treadmill Exercise on the Expression Level of BAX, BAD, BCL-2, BCL-XL, TFAM, and PGC-1α in the Hippocampus of Thimerosal-Treated Rats.

Navazani P, Vaseghi S, Hashemi M, Shafaati M, Nasehi M Neurotox Res. 2021; 39(4):1274-1284.

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Hyperglycaemia is associated with impaired muscle signalling and aerobic adaptation to exercise.

MacDonald T, Pattamaprapanont P, Pathak P, Fernandez N, Freitas E, Hafida S Nat Metab. 2020; 2(9):902-917.

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Denervation and senescence markers data from old rats with intrinsic differences in responsiveness to aerobic training.

Brown L, Judge J, Macpherson P, Koch L, Qi N, Britton S Data Brief. 2019; 27:104570.

PMID: 31687430 PMC: 6820082. DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.104570.

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