Frailty in Comorbid HIV and Lifetime Methamphetamine Use Disorder: Associations with Neurocognitive and Everyday Functioning

Overview

Journal AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses

Publisher Mary Ann Liebert

Specialty Infectious Diseases

Date 2019 Jul 16

PMID 31303012

Citations 9

Authors

Emily W Paolillo

Rowan Saloner

Jessica L Montoya

Laura M Campbell

Elizabeth C Pasipanodya

Jennifer E Iudicello

Raeanne C Moore

Scott L Letendre

Dilip V Jeste

David J Moore

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

HIV and methamphetamine (MA) use disorder are commonly comorbid and individually associated with adverse health consequences, including frailty; however, less is known about the combined effects of both conditions. The current cross-sectional study examined how HIV and lifetime MA use disorder relate to frailty and explored associations between frailty and relevant clinical outcomes (i.e., neurocognitive and everyday functioning). Participants were categorized into three groups based on HIV status and lifetime MA diagnosis: HIV+/MA+ ( = 43), HIV+/MA- ( = 75), and HIV-/MA- ( = 92). A frailty index score (representing proportion of accumulated multisystem deficits) was calculated from 27 medical and psychiatric deficits. Multiple regression was used to examine frailty index score by HIV/MA group. Additional multiple regression models examined the interaction between frailty and HIV/MA group on cognitive and everyday functioning. Comorbid HIV+/MA+ participants had higher frailty index scores than both HIV-/MA- ( = -0.13, < .001) and HIV+/MA- participants ( = -0.06, = .007). Additional models linked higher frailty index score to worse global neurocognition ( = -17.6, = .018) and greater likelihood of everyday functioning dependence (odds ratio = 1.56, = .021). Although these relationships did not significantly differ by HIV/MA status, group-stratified analyses showed that associations of frailty with neurocognitive and everyday functioning were strongest among the HIV+/MA+ group. Multimodal public health interventions aimed at reducing frailty may help to decrease the likelihood of neurocognitive and everyday functioning problems. Current findings additionally lay groundwork for future longitudinal research examining whether frailty predicts onset of neurocognitive and functional decline in individuals with comorbid HIV and MA use disorder.

Citing Articles

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