Prediction of BCG Responses in Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer in the Era of Novel Immunotherapeutics

Overview

Journal Int Urol Nephrol

Publisher Springer

Specialty Nephrology

Date 2019 Jun 3

PMID 31154583

Citations 19

Authors

Aleksander Slusarczyk

Piotr Zapala

Lukasz Zapala

Tomasz Piecha

Piotr Radziszewski

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) instillations are considered as a gold standard of therapy in high- and intermediate-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Unfortunately, up to 40% of patients might experience treatment failure and even 15% of patients initially diagnosed with NMIBC will progress to muscle-invasive disease. Since patients, who fail to respond to BCG, are at particular risk of progression, immediate radical cystectomy (RC) is currently recommended to provide cancer control. However, immunotherapy in NMIBC management still evolves. Immune checkpoint inhibitors emerge as new immunotherapeutics, which in the future might be combined with BCG and may serve as an alternative to radical cystectomy in patients, who failed to respond to BCG alone or are at particular a priori risk of BCG failure, especially if RC is not a safe option. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify NMIBC patients that will not benefit from BCG therapy and demand radical cystectomy. In the following review, we attempt to focus on several clinical and molecular factors and demonstrate the efforts directed to unravel their significance in BCG-failure risk assessment.

Citing Articles

Predicting response to bacillus Calmette-Guerin in high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.

Soltani-Tehrani A, Kumar A, Pohar K Transl Cancer Res. 2024; 13(11):6489-6502.

PMID: 39697728 PMC: 11651738. DOI: 10.21037/tcr-24-180.

Smoking behavior and the risks of tumor recurrence and progression in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Kiebach J, Beeren I, Aben K, Witjes J, van der Heijden A, Kiemeney L Int J Cancer. 2024; 156(8):1529-1540.

PMID: 39499231 PMC: 11826114. DOI: 10.1002/ijc.35250.

Enhancing Therapeutic Efficacy and Safety of Immune Checkpoint Inhibition for Bladder Cancer: A Comparative Analysis of Injectable vs. Intravesical Administration.

Tyagi P, Hafron J, Kaufman J, Chancellor M Int J Mol Sci. 2024; 25(9).

PMID: 38732167 PMC: 11084450. DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094945.

Assessing the Predictive Accuracy of EORTC, CUETO and EAU Risk Stratification Models for High-Grade Recurrence and Progression after Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Therapy in Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Slusarczyk A, Garbas K, Pustula P, Zapala L, Radziszewski P Cancers (Basel). 2024; 16(9).

PMID: 38730636 PMC: 11083007. DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091684.

Changes in the Urinary Microbiome After Transurethral Resection of Non-muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: Insights from a Prospective Observational Study.

Slusarczyk A, Ismail H, Zapala L, Piecha T, Zapala P, Radziszewski P Ann Surg Oncol. 2024; 31(7):4773-4786.

PMID: 38570378 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-024-15198-9.

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