Stromal Cells Maintain Immune Cell Homeostasis in Adipose Tissue Via Production of Interleukin-33

Overview

Journal Sci Immunol

Specialty Allergy & Immunology

Date 2019 May 5

PMID 31053655

Citations 127

Authors

T Mahlakoiv

A-L Flamar

L K Johnston

S Moriyama

G G Putzel

P J Bryce

D Artis

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Obesity is driven by chronic low-grade inflammation resulting from dysregulated immune cell accumulation and function in white adipose tissue (WAT). Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a key cytokine that controls innate and adaptive immune cell activity and immune homeostasis in WAT, although the sources of IL-33 have remained controversial. Here, we show that WAT-resident mesenchyme-derived stromal cells are the dominant producers of IL-33. Adipose stem and progenitor cells (ASPCs) produced IL-33 in all WAT depots, whereas mesothelial cells served as an additional source of IL-33 in visceral WAT. ASPC-derived IL-33 promoted a regulatory circuit that maintained an immune tone in WAT via the induction of group 2 innate lymphoid cell-derived type 2 cytokines and maintenance of eosinophils, whereas mesothelial IL-33 also acted as an alarmin by inducing peritoneal immune response upon infection. Together, these data reveal a previously unrecognized regulatory network between tissue-resident progenitor cells and innate lymphoid cells that maintains immune homeostasis in adipose tissue.

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