Non-coding RNA in Fragile X Syndrome and Converging Mechanisms Shared by Related Disorders

Overview

Journal Front Genet

Date 2019 Mar 19

PMID 30881383

Citations 6

Authors

Yafang Zhou

Yacen Hu

Qiying Sun

Nina Xie

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is one of the most common forms of hereditary intellectual disability. It is also a well-known monogenic cause of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Repetitive trinucleotide expansion of CGG repeats in the 5'-UTR of is the pathological mutation. Full mutation CGG repeats epigenetically silence and thus lead to the absence of its product, fragile mental retardation protein (FMRP), which is an indispensable translational regulator at synapsis. Loss of FMRP causes abnormal neural morphology, dysregulated protein translation, and distorted synaptic plasticity, giving rise to FXS phenotypes. Non-coding RNAs, including siRNA, miRNA, and lncRNA, are transcribed from DNA but not meant for protein translation. They are not junk sequence but play indispensable roles in diverse cellular processes. FXS is the first neurological disorder being linked to miRNA pathway dysfunction. Since then, insightful knowledge has been gained in this field. In this review, we mainly focus on how non-coding RNAs, especially the siRNAs, miRNAs, and lncRNAs, are involved in FXS pathogenesis. We would also like to discuss several potential mechanisms mediated by non-coding RNAs that may be shared by FXS and other related disorders.

Citing Articles

Epigenetic insights into Fragile X Syndrome.

Xie L, Li H, Xiao M, Chen N, Zang X, Liu Y Front Cell Dev Biol. 2024; 12:1432444.

PMID: 39220684 PMC: 11362040. DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1432444.

FMRP cooperates with miRISC components to repress translation and regulate neurite morphogenesis in .

Kaul N, Pradhan S, Boin N, Mason M, Rosales J, Starke E RNA Biol. 2024; 21(1):11-22.

PMID: 39190491 PMC: 11352701. DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2024.2392304.

Identification of microRNAs associated with human fragile X syndrome using next-generation sequencing.

Anvari M, Vasei H, Najmabadi H, Badv R, Golipour A, Mohammadi-Yeganeh S Sci Rep. 2022; 12(1):5011.

PMID: 35322102 PMC: 8943156. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08916-4.

Expression of the chrXq27.3 miRNA cluster in recurrent ovarian clear cell carcinoma and its impact on cisplatin resistance.

Yoshida K, Yokoi A, Sugiyama M, Oda S, Kitami K, Tamauchi S Oncogene. 2021; 40(7):1255-1268.

PMID: 33420363 PMC: 7892337. DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01595-3.

Long Non-coding RNA Zinc Finger Antisense 1 (ZFAS1) Regulates Proliferation, Migration, Invasion, and Apoptosis by Targeting MiR-7-5p in Colorectal Cancer.

Mo D, Liu W, Li Y, Cui W Med Sci Monit. 2019; 25:5150-5158.

PMID: 31295229 PMC: 6640168. DOI: 10.12659/MSM.916619.

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