Extracellular Vesicles As Diagnostics and Therapeutics for Structural Epilepsies

Overview

Journal Int J Mol Sci

Publisher MDPI

Specialties Biochemistry
Chemistry
Molecular Biology

Date 2019 Mar 16

PMID 30871144

Citations 20

Authors

Jenni Karttunen

Mette Heiskanen

Anssi Lipponen

David Poulsen

Asla Pitkanen

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small vesicles involved in intercellular communication. Data is emerging that EVs and their cargo have potential as diagnostic biomarkers and treatments for brain diseases, including traumatic brain injury and epilepsy. Here, we summarize the current knowledge regarding changes in EV numbers and cargo in status epilepticus (SE) and traumatic brain injury (TBI), which are clinically significant etiologies for acquired epileptogenesis in animals and humans. We also review encouraging data, which suggests that EVs secreted by stem cells may serve as recovery-enhancing treatments for SE and TBI. Using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, we show that brain EV-related transcripts are positively enriched in rodent models of epileptogenesis and epilepsy, and altered in response to anti-seizure drugs. These data suggest that EVs show promise as biomarkers, treatments and drug targets for epilepsy. In parallel to gathering conceptual knowledge, analytics platforms for the isolation and analysis of EV contents need to be further developed.

Citing Articles

Blood-derived APLP1 extracellular vesicles are potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis of brain diseases.

Choi Y, Park J, Jo A, Lim C, Park J, Hwang J Sci Adv. 2025; 11(1):eado6894.

PMID: 39742488 PMC: 11691634. DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ado6894.

Extracellular Vesicles: The Next Generation of Biomarkers and Treatment for Central Nervous System Diseases.

Zanirati G, Dos Santos P, Alcara A, Bruzzo F, Ghilardi I, Wietholter V Int J Mol Sci. 2024; 25(13).

PMID: 39000479 PMC: 11242541. DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137371.

Insights into epileptogenesis from post-traumatic epilepsy.

Pease M, Gupta K, Moshe S, Correa D, Galanopoulou A, Okonkwo D Nat Rev Neurol. 2024; 20(5):298-312.

PMID: 38570704 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-024-00954-y.

Unraveling the Emerging Niche Role of Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) in Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI).

Ashique S, Pal R, Sharma H, Mishra N, Garg A CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2024; 23(11):1357-1370.

PMID: 38351688 DOI: 10.2174/0118715273288155240201065041.

Role of exosomal ncRNAs in traumatic brain injury.

Beylerli O, Tamrazov R, Gareev I, Ilyasova T, Shumadalova A, Bai Y Noncoding RNA Res. 2023; 8(4):686-692.

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