Acoustic Detection Module Design of a Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Sensor

Overview

Journal Sensors (Basel)

Publisher MDPI

Specialty Biotechnology

Date 2019 Mar 7

PMID 30836649

Citations 4

Authors

Tingting Wei

Hongpeng Wu

Lei Dong

Frank K Tittel

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

This review aims to discuss the latest advancements of an acoustic detection module (ADM) based on quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS). Starting from guidelines for the design of an ADM, the ADM design philosophy is described. This is followed by a review of the earliest standard quartz tuning fork (QTF)-based ADM for laboratory applications. Subsequently, the design of industrial fiber-coupled and free-space ADMs based on a standard QTF for near-infrared and mid-infrared laser sources respectively are described. Furthermore, an overview of the latest development of a QEPAS ADM employing a custom QTF is reported. Numerous application examples of four QEPAS ADMs are described in order to demonstrate their reliability and robustness.

Citing Articles

Open photoacoustic cell for concentration measurements in rapidly flowing gas.

Fekete J, Torma P, Szabo A, Balogh M, Horvath C, Weidinger T Photoacoustics. 2023; 30:100469.

PMID: 36911594 PMC: 9996436. DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2023.100469.

Long-distance in-situ methane detection using near-infrared light-induced thermo-elastic spectroscopy.

Hu L, Zheng C, Zhang M, Zheng K, Zheng J, Song Z Photoacoustics. 2021; 21:100230.

PMID: 33437616 PMC: 7786114. DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2020.100230.

A NDIR Mid-Infrared Methane Sensor with a Compact Pentahedron Gas-Cell.

Ye W, Tu Z, Xiao X, Simeone A, Yan J, Wu T Sensors (Basel). 2020; 20(19).

PMID: 32977569 PMC: 7583754. DOI: 10.3390/s20195461.

Quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopic methane sensor system using a quartz tuning fork-embedded, double-pass and off-beam configuration.

Hu L, Zheng C, Zhang M, Yao D, Zheng J, Zhang Y Photoacoustics. 2020; 18:100174.

PMID: 32211294 PMC: 7082634. DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2020.100174.

References

Weidmann D, Kosterev A, Tittel F, Ryan N, McDonald D . Application of a widely electrically tunable diode laser to chemical gas sensing with quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy. Opt Lett. 2004; 29(16):1837-9. DOI: 10.1364/ol.29.001837. View

Kosterev A, Tittel F . Ammonia detection by use of quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy with a near-IR telecommunication diode laser. Appl Opt. 2004; 43(33):6213-7. DOI: 10.1364/ao.43.006213. View

Kosterev A, Bakhirkin Y, Curl R, Tittel F . Quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy. Opt Lett. 2007; 27(21):1902-4. DOI: 10.1364/ol.27.001902. View

Liu K, Guo X, Yi H, Chen W, Zhang W, Gao X . Off-beam quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy. Opt Lett. 2009; 34(10):1594-6. DOI: 10.1364/ol.34.001594. View

Liu K, Yi H, Kosterev A, Chen W, Dong L, Wang L . Trace gas detection based on off-beam quartz enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy: optimization and performance evaluation. Rev Sci Instrum. 2010; 81(10):103103. DOI: 10.1063/1.3480553. View

Dong L, Spagnolo V, Lewicki R, Tittel F . Ppb-level detection of nitric oxide using an external cavity quantum cascade laser based QEPAS sensor. Opt Express. 2011; 19(24):24037-45. DOI: 10.1364/OE.19.024037. View

Yi H, Chen W, Sun S, Liu K, Tan T, Gao X . T-shape microresonator-based high sensitivity quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy sensor. Opt Express. 2012; 20(8):9187-96. DOI: 10.1364/OE.20.009187. View

Ma Y, Lewicki R, Razeghi M, Tittel F . QEPAS based ppb-level detection of CO and N2O using a high power CW DFB-QCL. Opt Express. 2013; 21(1):1008-19. DOI: 10.1364/OE.21.001008. View

Patimisco P, Borri S, Sampaolo A, Beere H, Ritchie D, Vitiello M . A quartz enhanced photo-acoustic gas sensor based on a custom tuning fork and a terahertz quantum cascade laser. Analyst. 2013; 139(9):2079-87. DOI: 10.1039/c3an01219k. View

10.

Jahjah M, Ren W, Stefanski P, Lewicki R, Zhang J, Jiang W . A compact QCL based methane and nitrous oxide sensor for environmental and medical applications. Analyst. 2014; 139(9):2065-9. DOI: 10.1039/c3an01452e. View

11.

Dong L, Wu H, Zheng H, Liu Y, Liu X, Jiang W . Double acoustic microresonator quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy. Opt Lett. 2014; 39(8):2479-82. DOI: 10.1364/OL.39.002479. View

12.

Spagnolo V, Patimisco P, Pennetta R, Sampaolo A, Scamarcio G, Vitiello M . THz quartz-enhanced photoacoustic sensor for H₂S trace gas detection. Opt Express. 2015; 23(6):7574-82. DOI: 10.1364/OE.23.007574. View

13.

Wu H, Dong L, Liu X, Zheng H, Yin X, Ma W . Fiber-amplifier-enhanced QEPAS sensor for simultaneous trace gas detection of NH₃ and H₂S. Sensors (Basel). 2015; 15(10):26743-55. PMC: 4634486. DOI: 10.3390/s151026743. View

14.

Yin X, Dong L, Zheng H, Liu X, Wu H, Yang Y . Impact of Humidity on Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Based CO Detection Using a Near-IR Telecommunication Diode Laser. Sensors (Basel). 2016; 16(2):162. PMC: 4801540. DOI: 10.3390/s16020162. View

15.

Zheng H, Dong L, Sampaolo A, Wu H, Patimisco P, Yin X . Single-tube on-beam quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy. Opt Lett. 2016; 41(5):978-81. DOI: 10.1364/OL.41.000978. View

16.

Sampaolo A, Patimisco P, Giglio M, Vitiello M, Beere H, Ritchie D . Improved Tuning Fork for Terahertz Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy. Sensors (Basel). 2016; 16(4):439. PMC: 4850953. DOI: 10.3390/s16040439. View

17.

Tittel F, Sampaolo A, Patimisco P, Dong L, Geras A, Starecki T . Analysis of overtone flexural modes operation in quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy. Opt Express. 2016; 24(6):A682-92. DOI: 10.1364/OE.24.00A682. View

18.

Zheng H, Dong L, Ma Y, Wu H, Liu X, Yin X . Scattered light modulation cancellation method for sub-ppb-level NO detection in a LD-excited QEPAS system. Opt Express. 2016; 24(10):A752-61. DOI: 10.1364/OE.24.00A752. View

19.

Wu H, Dong L, Zheng H, Yu Y, Ma W, Zhang L . Beat frequency quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy for fast and calibration-free continuous trace-gas monitoring. Nat Commun. 2017; 8:15331. PMC: 5460019. DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15331. View

20.

Zheng H, Lou M, Dong L, Wu H, Ye W, Yin X . Compact photoacoustic module for methane detection incorporating interband cascade light emitting device. Opt Express. 2017; 25(14):16761-16770. DOI: 10.1364/OE.25.016761. View