ASCO 2018: Highlights of Urothelial Cancer and Prostate Cancer

Overview

Journal Memo

Specialty Hematology

Date 2019 Jan 1

PMID 30595755

Citations 6

Authors

Renate Pichler

Wolfgang Horninger

Isabel Heidegger

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Prostate cancer and urothelial carcinoma are the two most common urological cancers. The aim of this short review is to highlight abstracts from this year's ASCO Annual Meeting. The phase III SPCG-13 trial showed no difference in biochemical disease-free survival by the addition of docetaxel after primary radiation therapy of localized high-risk prostate cancer. In bone dominant metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer, the phase II radium-223 dose escalation study concluded that the currently used dose with 6 cycles of 55 kBq/kg remains the standard of care. The PARP inhibitor olaparib plus abiraterone provided a significant benefit in radiological progression-free survival compared with abiraterone alone, independent of homologous recombination repair (HRR) mutation status. In localized muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma, two phase II trials (ABACUS and PURE-01) exploring the pathological complete remission rate of atezolizumab and pembrolizumab prior to cystectomy in cisplatin-unfit or cisplatin-fit patients are presented. Novel targeted therapies such as fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) inhibitors or monoclonal antibodies against nectin-4 confirmed astonishing objective response rates in heavily pretreated metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) patients, resulting in a median overall survival (OS) up to 13.8 months. Finally, updated 1‑year and 2‑year OS survival rates of pembrolizumab and atezolizumab in the first line setting of mUC are presented.

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