Hidden Diversity of Soil Giant Viruses

Overview

Journal Nat Commun

Specialty Biology

Date 2018 Nov 20

PMID 30451857

Citations 68

Authors

Frederik Schulz

Lauren Alteio

Danielle Goudeau

Elizabeth M Ryan

Feiqiao B Yu

Rex R Malmstrom

Jeffrey Blanchard

Tanja Woyke

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Known giant virus diversity is currently skewed towards viruses isolated from aquatic environments and cultivated in the laboratory. Here, we employ cultivation-independent metagenomics and mini-metagenomics on soils from the Harvard Forest, leading to the discovery of 16 novel giant viruses, chiefly recovered by mini-metagenomics. The candidate viruses greatly expand phylogenetic diversity of known giant viruses and either represented novel lineages or are affiliated with klosneuviruses, Cafeteria roenbergensis virus or tupanviruses. One assembled genome with a size of 2.4 Mb represents the largest currently known viral genome in the Mimiviridae, and others encode up to 80% orphan genes. In addition, we find more than 240 major capsid proteins encoded on unbinned metagenome fragments, further indicating that giant viruses are underexplored in soil ecosystems. The fact that most of these novel viruses evaded detection in bulk metagenomes suggests that mini-metagenomics could be a valuable approach to unearth viral giants.

Citing Articles

Genome-resolved year-round dynamics reveal a broad range of giant virus microdiversity.

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A Virome and Proteomic Analysis of Placental Microbiota in Pregnancies with and without Fetal Growth Restriction.

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Complex transcriptional regulations of a hyperparasitic quadripartite system in giant viruses infecting protists.

Bessenay A, Bisio H, Belmudes L, Coute Y, Bertaux L, Claverie J Nat Commun. 2024; 15(1):8608.

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Strain-resolved de-novo metagenomic assembly of viral genomes and microbial 16S rRNAs.

Jochheim A, Jochheim F, Kolodyazhnaya A, Morice E, Steinegger M, Soding J Microbiome. 2024; 12(1):187.

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From soil to sequence: filling the critical gap in genome-resolved metagenomics is essential to the future of soil microbial ecology.

Anthony W, Allison S, Broderick C, Rodriguez L, Clum A, Cross H Environ Microbiome. 2024; 19(1):56.

PMID: 39095861 PMC: 11295382. DOI: 10.1186/s40793-024-00599-w.

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