Rethinking Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer in African American Men

Overview

Journal Transl Androl Urol

Date 2018 Oct 27

PMID 30363480

Citations 7

Authors

Gabriel Z Leinwand

Andrew T Gabrielson

Louis S Krane

Jonathan L Silberstein

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Active surveillance (AS) is a treatment modality for prostate cancer that aims to simultaneously avoid overtreatment and allow for the timely intervention of localized disease. AS has become the de facto standard of care for most men with low-risk prostate cancer. However, few African American (AA) men were included in the prospective observational cohorts that resulted in a paradigm shift in treatment recommendations from active intervention toward AS. It has been established that AA men have an increased prostate cancer incidence, higher baseline prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values, more aggressive prostate cancer features, greater frequency of biochemical recurrence after treatment, and higher overall cancer-specific mortality compared to their Caucasian counterparts. As such, this has given many physicians pause before initiating AS for AA patients. In the following manuscript, we will review the available literature regarding AS, with a particular focus on AA men. The preponderance of evidence demonstrates that AS is as viable a management method for AA with low-risk prostate cancer as it is with other racial groups.

Citing Articles

The Brazilian national prospective active surveillance (AS) cohort of patients with low-risk prostate cancer in the public health system: vigiaSUS study protocol.

Basso J, de Lima J, Bessel M, Tobar Leitao S, Machado Baptista T, Roithmann S BMC Urol. 2023; 23(1):208.

PMID: 38082337 PMC: 10714582. DOI: 10.1186/s12894-023-01380-w.

Prostate cancer screening in African American men: a review of the evidence.

Kensler K, Johnson R, Morley F, Albrair M, Dickerman B, Gulati R J Natl Cancer Inst. 2023; 116(1):34-52.

PMID: 37713266 PMC: 10777677. DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djad193.

Five-Year Prospective Observational Study of African-American Men on Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer Demonstrates Race Is Not Predictive of Oncologic Outcomes.

Pincus J, Greenberg J, Natale C, Koller C, Miller S, Silberstein J Oncologist. 2022; 28(2):149-156.

PMID: 35920550 PMC: 9907040. DOI: 10.1093/oncolo/oyac154.

Prostate Cancer Lesions by Zone and Race: Does Multiparametric MRI Demonstrate Racial Difference in Prostate Cancer Lesions for African American Men?.

Koller C, Greenberg J, Shelton T, Hughes W, Sanekommu G, Silberstein J Curr Oncol. 2021; 28(4):2308-2316.

PMID: 34206419 PMC: 8293119. DOI: 10.3390/curroncol28040212.

Physical activity decreases the risk of cancer reclassification in patients on active surveillance: a multicenter retrospective study.

Brassetti A, Ferriero M, Napodano G, Sanseverino R, Badenchini F, Tuderti G Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2021; 24(4):1151-1157.

PMID: 34007014 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-021-00375-8.

References

Shenoy D, Packianathan S, Chen A, Vijayakumar S . Do African-American men need separate prostate cancer screening guidelines?. BMC Urol. 2016; 16(1):19. PMC: 4862049. DOI: 10.1186/s12894-016-0137-7. View

Zeliadt S, Ramsey S, Penson D, Hall I, Ekwueme D, Stroud L . Why do men choose one treatment over another?: a review of patient decision making for localized prostate cancer. Cancer. 2006; 106(9):1865-74. DOI: 10.1002/cncr.21822. View

Tosoian J, Carter H, Lepor A, Loeb S . Active surveillance for prostate cancer: current evidence and contemporary state of practice. Nat Rev Urol. 2016; 13(4):205-15. PMC: 4940050. DOI: 10.1038/nrurol.2016.45. View

Tiguert R, Gheiler E, Tefilli M, Banerjee M, Grignon D, Sakr W . Racial differences and prognostic significance of tumor location in radical prostatectomy specimens. Prostate. 1998; 37(4):230-5. DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0045(19981201)37:4<230::aid-pros4>3.0.co;2-l. View

Feibus A, Sartor O, Moparty K, Chagin K, Kattan M, Ledet E . Clinical Use of PCA3 and TMPRSS2:ERG Urinary Biomarkers in African-American Men Undergoing Prostate Biopsy. J Urol. 2016; 196(4):1053-60. DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2016.04.075. View

Fitzmaurice C, Allen C, Barber R, Barregard L, Bhutta Z, Brenner H . Global, Regional, and National Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life-years for 32 Cancer Groups, 1990 to 2015: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study. JAMA Oncol. 2016; 3(4):524-548. PMC: 6103527. DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.5688. View

Stark J, Perner S, Stampfer M, Sinnott J, Finn S, Eisenstein A . Gleason score and lethal prostate cancer: does 3 + 4 = 4 + 3?. J Clin Oncol. 2009; 27(21):3459-64. PMC: 2717753. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2008.20.4669. View

Shavers V, Brown M . Racial and ethnic disparities in the receipt of cancer treatment. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2002; 94(5):334-57. DOI: 10.1093/jnci/94.5.334. View

Kim J, Kuban D, Schellhammer P . Carcinoma of the prostate: race as a prognostic indicator in definitive radiation therapy. Radiology. 1995; 194(2):545-9. DOI: 10.1148/radiology.194.2.7529936. View

10.

Odom B, Mir M, Hughes S, Senechal C, Santy A, Eyraud R . Active surveillance for low-risk prostate cancer in African American men: a multi-institutional experience. Urology. 2013; 83(2):364-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2013.09.038. View

11.

Shoag J, Mittal S, Hu J . Reevaluating PSA Testing Rates in the PLCO Trial. N Engl J Med. 2016; 374(18):1795-6. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMc1515131. View

12.

Arnsrud Godtman R, Holmberg E, Khatami A, Stranne J, Hugosson J . Outcome following active surveillance of men with screen-detected prostate cancer. Results from the Göteborg randomised population-based prostate cancer screening trial. Eur Urol. 2012; 63(1):101-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.08.066. View

13.

Komai Y, Numao N, Yoshida S, Matsuoka Y, Nakanishi Y, Ishii C . High diagnostic ability of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging to detect anterior prostate cancer missed by transrectal 12-core biopsy. J Urol. 2013; 190(3):867-73. DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2013.03.078. View

14.

Koscuiszka M, Hatcher D, Christos P, Rose A, Greenwald H, Chiu Y . Impact of race on survival in patients with clinically nonmetastatic prostate cancer who deferred primary treatment. Cancer. 2011; 118(12):3145-52. PMC: 3623265. DOI: 10.1002/cncr.26619. View

15.

Resnick M, Canter D, Guzzo T, Brucker B, Bergey M, Sonnad S . Does race affect postoperative outcomes in patients with low-risk prostate cancer who undergo radical prostatectomy?. Urology. 2008; 73(3):620-3. DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2008.09.035. View

16.

Sundi D, Ross A, Humphreys E, Han M, Partin A, Carter H . African American men with very low-risk prostate cancer exhibit adverse oncologic outcomes after radical prostatectomy: should active surveillance still be an option for them?. J Clin Oncol. 2013; 31(24):2991-7. PMC: 3739860. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2012.47.0302. View

17.

Loeb S, Vonesh E, Metter E, Carter H, Gann P, Catalona W . What is the true number needed to screen and treat to save a life with prostate-specific antigen testing?. J Clin Oncol. 2010; 29(4):464-7. PMC: 3058289. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2010.30.6373. View

18.

FRANKS L . Proceedings: Etiology, epidemiology, and pathology of prostatic cancer. Cancer. 1973; 32(5):1092-5. DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(197311)32:5<1092::aid-cncr2820320513>3.0.co;2-z. View

19.

Wilt T, Jones K, Barry M, Andriole G, Culkin D, Wheeler T . Follow-up of Prostatectomy versus Observation for Early Prostate Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2017; 377(2):132-142. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1615869. View

20.

Ha Y, Salmasi A, Karellas M, Singer E, Kim J, Han M . Increased incidence of pathologically nonorgan confined prostate cancer in African-American men eligible for active surveillance. Urology. 2013; 81(4):831-5. PMC: 3978180. DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2012.12.046. View