Analysis of Out-of-Pocket Expenditure in Utilization of Maternity Care Services in Urban Slums of Rajkot City, Gujarat

Background: India contributes 20% global maternal deaths every year. An important reason of such maternal mortality is due to cost of maternity services which makes it in accessible to the poor. Knowledge of maternity-related expense and its determinants is useful for health authorities to focus public resources and target financial assistance or exemption guidelines toward the "neediest."

Methodology: It was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted amongst 180 women living in urban slums and who had delivered a baby within 1 year of the interview date.

Results: The mean cost of delivery was around Rs. 8880. The average delivery cost of private institutions was significantly higher than that of government hospitals or home delivery. Around 75% of women delivered in private institution had health expenditure of more than 10% of total annual family income - catastrophic expenditure.

Conclusion: In spite of significantly higher maternity care-related costs in private institutes than government hospitals, majority of mothers had utilized services from private clinics and had suffered catastrophic expenditures during utilization of maternity care services. This study highlights the need for birth preparedness counseling as well as effective implementation of maternity benefit schemes to prevent families from pushing downward to the poverty line.