Chemical Constituents, Antioxidant, Cyclooxygenase Inhibitor, and Cytotoxic Activities of Boiss. Essential Oil
Overview
Biotechnology
General Medicine
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Introduction: In traditional medicine, many pharmacological activities have already been ascribed to the genus of plant. These include antirheumatic antispasmodic, anthelmintic, diuretic, hypoglycemic, and anticancer effects. The recent investigation aimed to characterize and estimate the chemical composition, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer potentials of the essential oil isolated by the microwave-ultrasonic apparatus from leaves collected from Palestine.
Methods: The essential oil (EO) was analyzed by Gas Chromatography equipped with mass spectrometry (GC-MS), while its anticancer activity was evaluated against HeLa cervical adenocarcinoma cells. The ability of EO to inhibit the conversion of Arachidonic Acid (AA) to PGH by ovine COX-1 and human recombinant COX-2 was determined using a COX inhibitor screening assay. In addition, the antioxidant activity of the EO was evaluated on the basis of the scavenging activity with a stable 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, while Trolox was used as a positive control.
Results: Forty-four molecules were identified in EO, representing 100% of the total EO. Agarospirol was found to be the most abundant component (45.53%) followed by caryophyllene (19.35%). However, the cyclooxygenase inhibitor assay revealed that has potential COX-1 and Cox-2 inhibitory activity with IC values of 0.25 g/ml and 0.5 g/ml, respectively. Moreover, the EO showed moderate antioxidant capacity with an IC value of 16.98±0.84 g/ml in comparison with the positive control Trolox, which has an antioxidant potential with an IC value of 2.09±0.17 g/ml. In addition, 250, 125, 62.5, 31.25, 15.625, 7.67, and 3.84 mg/ml of EO treatments inhibited mitochondrial activity (cell viability) significantly and extremely by 90-95%.
Conclusion: The current study provided data that revealed that the EO could be a suitable candidate for use as a novel anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant medication. Further clinical trials would be required to ensure these effects and to allow the design of suitable pharmaceutical dosage forms from this natural oil.
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