Variation in Composite Degree of Conversion and Microflexural Strength for Different Curing Lights and Surface Locations

Background: Lack of irradiance-beam profile uniformity across the emission area of light-curing units (LCUs) may result in suboptimal properties of composite restorations. The authors' objective for this study was to assess the variation in local cure of 1 composite at 3 different LCU emission area locations cured with 3 different LCUs by means of testing the degree of conversion (DC) and microflexural strength.

Methods: The authors fabricated dual-photoinitiator composite specimens (n = 5), which were cured using either a quartz-tungsten-halogen, a multiple-emission peak, or a single-emission peak light-emitting diode LCU. The specimen's top surfaces received irradiation from either the center, 1.5 millimeters straight to the left of the center, or 1.5 mm straight to the right of the center of the LCU emission area. The authors measured irradiance and DC on top and bottom specimen surfaces using a spectrometer and attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively. The authors performed micro 3-point bend tests using a universal mechanical testing machine. They used multifactorial analysis of variance (α = 0.05).

Results: The irradiance ranged from 452 through 946 milliwatts per square centimeter, and DC ranged from 49.7% through 65.8% on top surfaces. Microflexural strength ranged from 313 through 458 megapascals.

Conclusions: The authors did not find correlations among the LCU irradiance-beam profile of the 3 emission area locations and the investigated material properties, although they found variations in the measured properties.

Practical Implications: The irradiance-beam profile from the different LCUs explored did not have a major influence on the DC and microflexural strength for the investigated composite.