A Handheld, Colorimetric Optoelectronic Dynamics Analyzer for Measuring Total Ammonia of Biological Samples

Overview

Journal IEEE J Transl Eng Health Med

Specialty Biomedical Engineering

Date 2018 Aug 17

PMID 30112251

Citations 4

Authors

Nai-Yuan Liu

Pinar Cay-Durgun

Tianmiao Lai

Mark Sprowls

Leslie Thomas

Mary Laura Lind

Erica Forzani

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

This paper introduces a wireless, solid-state, portable, and automated device capable of measuring the total ammonia [ammonia (NH) and ammonium (NH)] levels of fluids, including biological samples. This device reliably measures the total ammonia of biological samples (e.g., urine) faster than the current ammonia quantification techniques. Medical professionals typically estimate NH4 levels using error-prone indirect measurement techniques (i.e., urine anion gap), which are time-consuming and are seldom suitable for periodic measurements. Several instantaneous measurements of total ammonia levels in a patient urine could be utilized as an early warning for both acid-base and/or potassium disturbances. Given the device's operation mechanism, it is able to quantify the total ammonia concentration within a biological sample in only 5 s and can simultaneously transmit data to other devices via Bluetooth. The analytical operation demonstrated high sensitivity, high specificity, fast reversibility, rapid response time, and has enabled the accurate determination of total ammonia concentration in urine samples produced by subjects who had consumed diets of variable protein compositions.

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