The Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders Among Students Aged 6~ 16 years Old in Central Hunan, China

Overview

Journal BMC Psychiatry

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialty Psychiatry

Date 2018 Jul 30

PMID 30055590

Citations 18

Authors

Yan-Mei Shen

Bella Siu Man Chan

Jian-Bo Liu

Yuan-Yue Zhou

Xi-Long Cui

Yu-Qiong He

Yu-Min Fang

Yu-Tao Xiang

Xue-Rong Luo

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Though several epidemiological surveys of psychiatric disorders have been carried out in China, only a few of them are concerned about the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in central Hunan and reveal the distribution of common psychiatric disorders and their comorbidities.

Methods: Achenbach's Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents (MINI-KID), and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition (DSM-IV) were administered to a stratified sample of 17,071 participants aged 6 to 16 years old from two cities in the central part of Hunan province. Twelve-month prevalence rates were calculated.

Results: Twelve-month prevalence of the population was 9.74%. The most common psychiatric disorders were attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (4.96%), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) (2.98%) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) (1.77%). Of those with a 12-month prevalence diagnosis, 34.6% had one or more comorbid psychiatric disorders. Most notably, ADHD had comorbidity rates of 25.15% with ODD, 18.18% with CD, 6.38% with GAD, and 3.66% with MDD.

Conclusions: Psychiatric disorders are common in Chinese children and adolescents. Being the most prevalent mental disorder, ADHD requires continued focus and support in awareness and education.

Citing Articles

Prevalence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): systematic review and meta-analysis.

Popit S, Serod K, Locatelli I, Stuhec M Eur Psychiatry. 2024; 67(1):e68.

PMID: 39381949 PMC: 11536208. DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2024.1786.

Prevalence and comorbidity of anxiety disorder in school-attending children and adolescents aged 6-16 years in China.

Wang F, Yang H, Li F, Zheng Y, Xu H, Wang R BMJ Paediatr Open. 2024; 8(1).

PMID: 38538104 PMC: 10982779. DOI: 10.1136/bmjpo-2023-001967.

Prevalence of mental disorders among middle school students in Shaoxing, China.

Pei S, Wu X, Ye W, Fang L, Zhang H, Zhou F Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2023; 22(1):31.

PMID: 37641074 PMC: 10463987. DOI: 10.1186/s12991-023-00463-0.

Vitamin D and suicidality: a Chinese early adolescent cohort and Mendelian randomization study.

Yuan M, Li Y, Chang J, Zhang X, Wang S, Cao L Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci. 2023; 32:e52.

PMID: 37553982 PMC: 10465318. DOI: 10.1017/S2045796023000665.

The global prevalence of ADHD in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Salari N, Ghasemi H, Abdoli N, Rahmani A, Shiri M, Hashemian A Ital J Pediatr. 2023; 49(1):48.

PMID: 37081447 PMC: 10120242. DOI: 10.1186/s13052-023-01456-1.

References

Yin H, Xu L, Shao Y, Li L, Wan C . Relationship between suicide rate and economic growth and stock market in the People's Republic of China: 2004-2013. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2016; 12:3119-3128. PMC: 5153284. DOI: 10.2147/NDT.S116148. View

Eme R . Sex differences in child-onset, life-course-persistent conduct disorder. A review of biological influences. Clin Psychol Rev. 2007; 27(5):607-27. DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2007.02.001. View

Coughlan H, Tiedt L, Clarke M, Kelleher I, Tabish J, Molloy C . Prevalence of DSM-IV mental disorders, deliberate self-harm and suicidal ideation in early adolescence: an Irish population-based study. J Adolesc. 2013; 37(1):1-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2013.10.004. View

Anselmi L, Fleitlich-Bilyk B, Menezes A, Araujo C, Rohde L . Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in a Brazilian birth cohort of 11-year-olds. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2009; 45(1):135-42. DOI: 10.1007/s00127-009-0052-2. View

Kasmini K, Kyaw O, Krishnaswamy S, Ramli H, Hassan S . A prevalence survey of mental disorders among children in a rural Malaysian village. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1993; 87(4):253-7. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1993.tb03367.x. View

Merikangas K, He J, Rapoport J, Vitiello B, Olfson M . Medication use in US youth with mental disorders. JAMA Pediatr. 2013; 167(2):141-8. DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.431. View

Lahey B, Loeber R, Burke J, Rathouz P, McBurnett K . Waxing and waning in concert: dynamic comorbidity of conduct disorder with other disruptive and emotional problems over 7 years among clinic-referred boys. J Abnorm Psychol. 2002; 111(4):556-67. DOI: 10.1037//0021-843x.111.4.556. View

Polanczyk G, Salum G, Sugaya L, Caye A, Rohde L . Annual research review: A meta-analysis of the worldwide prevalence of mental disorders in children and adolescents. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2015; 56(3):345-65. DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.12381. View

Vicente B, Saldivia S, de la Barra F, Melipillan R, Valdivia M, Kohn R . [Prevalence of psychiatric disorders among Chilean children and adolescents]. Rev Med Chil. 2012; 140(4):447-57. DOI: 10.4067/S0034-98872012000400005. View

10.

Reale L, Bartoli B, Cartabia M, Zanetti M, Costantino M, Canevini M . Comorbidity prevalence and treatment outcome in children and adolescents with ADHD. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2017; 26(12):1443-1457. DOI: 10.1007/s00787-017-1005-z. View

11.

Zheng Y, Zheng X . Current state and recent developments of child psychiatry in China. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health. 2015; 9:10. PMC: 4429456. DOI: 10.1186/s13034-015-0040-0. View

12.

Parker G, Gladstone G, Chee K . Depression in the planet's largest ethnic group: the Chinese. Am J Psychiatry. 2001; 158(6):857-64. DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.158.6.857. View

13.

Altemus M, Sarvaiya N, Epperson C . Sex differences in anxiety and depression clinical perspectives. Front Neuroendocrinol. 2014; 35(3):320-30. PMC: 4890708. DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2014.05.004. View

14.

Goodman R, Slobodskaya H, Knyazev G . Russian child mental health--a cross-sectional study of prevalence and risk factors. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2005; 14(1):28-33. DOI: 10.1007/s00787-005-0420-8. View

15.

Derks E, Dolan C, Hudziak J, Neale M, Boomsma D . Assessment and etiology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and oppositional defiant disorder in boys and girls. Behav Genet. 2007; 37(4):559-66. PMC: 1914288. DOI: 10.1007/s10519-007-9153-4. View

16.

Srinath S, Girimaji S, Gururaj G, Seshadri S, Subbakrishna D, Bhola P . Epidemiological study of child & adolescent psychiatric disorders in urban & rural areas of Bangalore, India. Indian J Med Res. 2005; 122(1):67-79. View

17.

Cover K, Maeng L, Lebron-Milad K, Milad M . Mechanisms of estradiol in fear circuitry: implications for sex differences in psychopathology. Transl Psychiatry. 2014; 4:e422. PMC: 4150242. DOI: 10.1038/tp.2014.67. View

18.

Yang L . Application of mental illness stigma theory to Chinese societies: synthesis and new directions. Singapore Med J. 2007; 48(11):977-85. View

19.

Abou-Saleh M, Ghubash R, Daradkeh T . A1 Ain Community Psychiatric Survey. I. Prevalence and socio-demographic correlates. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2001; 36(1):20-8. DOI: 10.1007/s001270050286. View

20.

Hughes C, Rintelmann J, Mayes T, Emslie G, Pearson G, Rush A . Structured interview and uniform assessment improves diagnostic reliability. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2000; 10(2):119-31. DOI: 10.1089/cap.2000.10.119. View