Oral Findings in Children and Adolescents with Prader-Willi Syndrome

Overview

Journal Clin Oral Investig

Specialty Dentistry

Date 2018 Jul 15

PMID 30006686

Citations 5

Authors

Dorota Olczak-Kowalczyk

Emil Korporowicz

Dariusz Gozdowski

Agnieszka Lecka-Ambroziak

Mieczyslaw Szalecki

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objective: To assess the significance of changes in the saliva in the etiology of gingivitis and tooth wear in children and adolescents with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS).

Materials And Methods: The study included 80 (2.8-18 years old; 39 girls and 41 boys): 40 in PWS group (mean age 8.0 ± 4.24 years) and 40 in control group (mean age 7.9 ± 4.12 years). General condition, oral para-functional habits, tooth wear (modified TWI), oral hygiene and gingival status (Plaque Index (PLI) and Gingival Index (GI)), localization of gingivitis, and salivary characteristics were assessed. The chi-square test, the Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman's rank correlation, and odds ratio based on logistic regression in a statistical analysis were applied.

Results: Chances of gingivitis were increased by low PLI (odds ratio (OR) = 32.53), low resting salivary flow (OR = 3.96), increased viscosity of saliva (OR = 3.54), and mouth breathing (OR = 8.17). For gingivitis in anterior regions, low PLI (OR = 107.67), low resting (OR = 5.73) and stimulated (OR = 1.86) salivary flow, increased viscosity of saliva (OR = 5.87), mouth breathing (OR = 10.00), and low stimulated salivary flow (OR = 3.18) were observed. Tooth wear rates were increased by teeth grinding (OR = 16.20), mouth breathing (OR = 4.33), increased viscosity of saliva (OR = 11.67) and low resting (OR = 6.07), and stimulated (OR = 4.22) salivary flow.

Conclusions: In PWS, reduced salivary secretion, increased viscosity, of saliva and mouth breathing increase the risk of plaque-induced gingivitis and tooth wear.

Clinical Relevance: The prevention and treatment of tooth wear and gingivitis in PWS patients is necessary not only to treat bruxism and mouth breathing but also to limit the influence of negative changes of saliva.

Citing Articles

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Hygienic behaviors and use of dental care in patients with genetic syndromes.

Piekoszewska-Zietek P, Witt-Porczyk A, Turska-Szybka A, Olczak-Kowalczyk D Sci Rep. 2024; 14(1):30756.

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Sleep Disorders in Children with Prader Willi Syndrome: Current Perspectives.

Ingram D, Arganbright J, Paprocki E, Halpin K Nat Sci Sleep. 2022; 14:2065-2074.

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Craniofacial and dentoalveolar morphology in individuals with Prader-Willi syndrome: a case-control study.

Vasconcelos G, Stenehjem J, Axelsson S, Saeves R Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2022; 17(1):77.

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Oral disorders in children with Prader-Willi syndrome: a case control study.

Munne-Miralves C, Brunet-Llobet L, Cahuana-Cardenas A, Torne-Duran S, Miranda-Rius J, Rivera-Baro A Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2020; 15(1):43.

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