Contribution of Cryptic Epitopes in Designing a Group A Streptococcal Vaccine
Overview
Affiliations
A successful vaccine needs to target multiple strains of an organism. Streptococcus pyogenes is an organism that utilizes antigenic strain variation as a successful defence mechanism to circumvent the host immune response. Despite numerous efforts, there is currently no vaccine available for this organism. Here we review and discuss the significant obstacles to vaccine development, with a focus on how cryptic epitopes may provide a strategy to circumvent the obstacles of antigenic variation.
Osowicki J, Frost H, Azzopardi K, Whitcombe A, McGregor R, Carlton L Nat Commun. 2024; 15(1):10506.
PMID: 39627204 PMC: 11614873. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-54665-5.
Bahnan W, Happonen L, Khakzad H, Kumra Ahnlide V, de Neergaard T, Wrighton S EMBO Mol Med. 2022; 15(2):e16208.
PMID: 36507602 PMC: 9906385. DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202216208.
Webster E, Seiger K, Core S, Collar A, Knapp-Broas H, Graham J Vaccines (Basel). 2022; 10(1).
PMID: 35062772 PMC: 8779370. DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10010111.
Khakzad H, Happonen L, Karami Y, Chowdhury S, Erturk Bergdahl G, Nilges M PLoS Comput Biol. 2021; 17(1):e1008169.
PMID: 33411763 PMC: 7817036. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008169.
Collar A, Linville A, Core S, Wheeler C, Geisler W, Peabody D mSphere. 2020; 5(5).
PMID: 32968007 PMC: 7568647. DOI: 10.1128/mSphere.00654-20.