Prevalence and Associated Factors of Stress, Anxiety and Depression Among Emergency Medical Officers in Malaysian Hospitals

Background: Demanding profession has been associated with poor psychological health due to multiple factors such as overworking hours and night shifts. This study is to determine prevalence and associated factors of depression, anxiety and stress among medical officers working at emergency department in Malaysian hospitals.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 140 emergency department medical officers working at general hospitals from seven Malaysia regions. They were randomly selected and their depression, anxiety and stress level were measured by the 21-item Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale.

Results: The highest prevalence was anxiety (28.6%) followed by depression (10.7%) and stress (7.9%). Depression, anxiety and stress between seven hospitals were not significantly different (>0.05). Male medical officers significantly experienced more anxiety symptoms than female medical officers (=0.0022), however depression and stress symptoms between male and female medical officers were not significantly different (>0.05). Depression, anxiety and stress were not associated with age, working experience, ethnicity, marital status, number of shifts and type of system adopted in different hospitals (>0.05).

Conclusion: The prevalence of anxiety was high, whereas for depression and stress were considerably low. Gender was the only factor significantly associated with anxiety. Other factors were not associated with depression, anxiety and stress. Future research should aim to gain better understanding on unique factors that affect female and male medical officers' anxiety level in emergency setting, thus guide authorities to chart strategic plans to remedy this condition.