A Systematic Review of the Concept and Clinical Applications of Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate in Orthopaedics

Overview

Journal SICOT J

Publisher EDP Sciences

Specialty Orthopedics

Date 2018 May 25

PMID 29792397

Citations 21

Authors

Mohamed A Imam

Samer S S Mahmoud

James Holton

Dalia Abouelmaati

Yasser Elsherbini

Martyn Snow

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Introduction: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC's) are believed to have multipotent plasticity with the capability to differentiate along multiple cell lineages such as cartilage, bone, tendon, muscle, and nerve. Such multipotency has the potential to play an important role in the repair and reconstruction of multiple tissues across a number of orthopaedic specialties. Bone marrow and fat are the most abundant and accessible source of MSC's with bone marrow aspirate the most commonly being reported to stimulate healing.

Methods: This review examines the current reported 20 Q2 clinical applications of bone marrow aspirate concentrate and its effectiveness.

Results: The published studies reported techniques of collection and preparation of BMAC in addition to its applications in a number of orthopaedic sub-specialities. Studies could be sub-categorised into: techniques of extraction, processing and microscopic examination of BMAC (31), reconstruction of osseous defects/non-union (20), treatment of avascular necrosis (9), repair of cartilage defects (8), treatment of sports injuries and tendon injury/repair (9), injection in regenerative therapy (4), treatment of spine conditions (4) including enhancing postoperative fusion and degenerative disc pathology and orthopaedic oncology (4). A few published studies combined the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) with BMAC (4) or compared them in different applications (5).

Conclusions: BMAC has been used in bone, cartilage and tendon injuries with encouraging results.

Citing Articles

Intra-Articular Injection of Stem Cells for the Regeneration of Knee Joint Cartilage: a Therapeutic Option for Knee Osteoarthritis - a Narrative Review.

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Single-cell transcriptome and crosstalk analysis reveals immune alterations and key pathways in the bone marrow of knee OA patients.

Chatterjee P, Stevens H, Kippner L, Bowles-Welch A, Drissi H, Mautner K iScience. 2024; 27(9):110827.

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Safety and Efficacy of Bone-Marrow Aspirate Concentrate in Hip Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review of Current Clinical Evidence.

Chandrashekar S, Jeyaraman M, Mounissamy P, Jeyaraman N, Khanna M, Gupta A Indian J Orthop. 2024; 58(7):835-844.

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Orthobiologics: a review.

Mavrogenis A, Karampikas V, Zikopoulos A, Sioutis S, Mastrokalos D, Koulalis D Int Orthop. 2023; 47(7):1645-1662.

PMID: 37071148 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-023-05803-z.

Characterization of Human, Ovine and Porcine Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Bone Marrow: Critical In Vitro Comparison with Regard to Humans.

Westerkowsky E, Soares de Almeida A, Selle M, Harms O, Bundkirchen K, Neunaber C Life (Basel). 2023; 13(3).

PMID: 36983873 PMC: 10058698. DOI: 10.3390/life13030718.

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