Modulation of Vascular Reactivity by Perivascular Adipose Tissue (PVAT)

Overview

Journal Curr Hypertens Rep

Specialty Cardiology & Vascular Diseases

Date 2018 May 9

PMID 29736674

Citations 24

Authors

Claudia Agabiti-Rosei

Anna Paini

Carolina De Ciuceis

Sarah Withers

Adam Greenstein

Anthony M Heagerty

Damiano Rizzoni

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Purpose Of Review: In this review, we discuss the role of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) in the modulation of vascular contractility and arterial pressure, focusing on the role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and oxidative stress/inflammation.

Recent Findings: PVAT possesses a relevant endocrine-paracrine activity, which may be altered in several pathophysiological and clinical conditions. During the last two decades, it has been shown that PVAT may modulate vascular reactivity. It has also been previously demonstrated that inflammation in adipose tissue may be implicated in vascular dysfunction. In particular, adipocytes secrete a number of adipokines with various functions, as well as several vasoactive factors, together with components of the renin-angiotensin system which may act at local or at systemic level. It has been shown that the anti-contractile effect of PVAT is lost in obesity, probably as a consequence of the development of adipocyte hypertrophy, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Adipose tissue dysfunction is interrelated with inflammation and oxidative stress, thus contributing to endothelial dysfunction observed in several pathological and clinical conditions such as obesity and hypertension. Decreased local adiponectin level, macrophage recruitment and infiltration, and activation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system could play an important role in this regard.

Citing Articles

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