Astrocytes, Microglia, and Parkinson's Disease

Overview

Journal Exp Neurobiol

Specialty Neurology

Date 2018 May 8

PMID 29731673

Citations 60

Authors

Eun-Hye Joe

Dong-Joo Choi

Jiawei An

Jin-Hwa Eun

Ilo Jou

Sangmyun Park

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Astrocytes and microglia support well-being and well-function of the brain through diverse functions in both intact and injured brain. For example, astrocytes maintain homeostasis of microenvironment of the brain through up-taking ions and neurotransmitters, and provide growth factors and metabolites for neurons, etc. Microglia keep surveying surroundings, and remove abnormal synapses or respond to injury by isolating injury sites and expressing inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, their loss and/or functional alteration may be directly linked to brain diseases. Since Parkinson's disease (PD)-related genes are expressed in astrocytes and microglia, mutations of these genes may alter the functions of these cells, thereby contributing to disease onset and progression. Here, we review the roles of astrocytes and microglia in intact and injured brain, and discuss how PD genes regulate their functions.

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