Correlates of Protection Against SIV Infection in Rhesus Macaques Immunized With Chimpanzee-Derived Adenovirus Vectors

Overview

Journal EBioMedicine

Specialty Biomedical Engineering

Date 2018 Apr 25

PMID 29685793

Citations 7

Authors

Steven Tuyishime

Larissa H Haut

Raj K Kurupati

James M Billingsley

Diane Carnathan

Sailaja Gangahara

Tiffany M Styles

Zhiquan Xiang

Yan Li

Malte Zopfs

Qin Liu

Xiangyang Zhou

Mark G Lewis

Rama R Amara

Steven Bosinger

Guido Silvestri

Hildegund C J Ertl

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

We report on prime-boost vaccine regimens with two simian adenovirus (Ad) vectors (SAdV) or two human serotype Ad vectors (HAdV) expressing Gag and gp160 of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) tested in HAdV-seropositive rhesus macaques (RMs) repeatedly challenged rectally with low doses of SIV Both vaccine regimens reduced set point and peak viral loads (PVL) and accelerated viral clearance. In SAdV-vaccinated controller genotype RMs resistance against infection correlated with levels of envelope (Env)-specific antibody (Ab) titers. In both vaccine groups CD8T cells controlled viral loads (VL) upon infection. Circulating CD4 and CD8 T cells showed significant changes in their transcriptome over time following vaccination, which differed between the vaccine groups. T cells from SIV-resistant RMs had unique transcriptional profiles indicating that both follicular T helper (T) cell responses and highly activated CD8 T cells may play a role in protection.

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