An Estimate of Attributable Cases of Alzheimer Disease and Vascular Dementia Due to Modifiable Risk Factors: The Impact of Primary Prevention in Europe and in Italy

Overview

Journal Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra

Publisher Karger

Specialty Geriatrics

Date 2018 Apr 3

PMID 29606955

Citations 21

Authors

Flavia Mayer

Alessandra Di Pucchio

Eleonora Lacorte

Ilaria Bacigalupo

Fabrizio Marzolini

Gianluigi Ferrante

Valentina Minardi

Maria Masocco

Marco Canevelli

Teresa Di Fiandra

Nicola Vanacore

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Up to 53.7% of all cases of dementia are assumed to be due to Alzheimer disease (AD), while 15.8% are considered to be due to vascular dementia (VaD). In Europe, about 3 million cases of AD could be due to 7 potentially modifiable risk factors: diabetes, midlife hypertension and/or obesity, physical inactivity, depression, smoking, and low educational level.

Aims: To estimate the number of VaD cases in Europe and the number of AD and VaD cases in Italy attributable to these 7 potentially modifiable risk factors.

Methods: Assuming the nonindependence of the 7 risk factors, the adjusted combined population attributable risk (PAR) was estimated for AD and VaD.

Results: In Europe, adjusted combined PAR was 31.4% for AD and 37.8% for VaD. The total number of attributable cases was 3,033,000 for AD and 873,000 for VaD. In Italy, assuming a 20% reduction of the prevalence of each risk factor, adjusted combined PAR decreased from 45.2 to 38.9% for AD and from 53.1 to 46.6% for VaD, implying a 6.4 and 6.5% reduction in the prevalence of AD and VaD, respectively.

Conclusion: A relevant reduction of AD and VaD cases in Europe and Italy could be obtained through primary prevention.

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