Characterization of the Hypersensitive Response-like Cell Death Phenomenon Induced by Targeting Antiviral Lectin Griffithsin to the Secretory Pathway

Overview

Journal Plant Biotechnol J

Specialties Biology
Biotechnology

Date 2018 Mar 7

PMID 29509998

Citations 7

Authors

Bo Min Kim

Hester Catharina Therese Lotter-Stark

Edward P Rybicki

Rachel K Chikwamba

Kenneth E Palmer

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Griffithsin (GRFT) is an antiviral lectin, originally derived from a red alga, which is currently being investigated as a topical microbicide to prevent transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Targeting GRFT to the apoplast for production in Nicotiana benthamiana resulted in necrotic symptoms associated with a hypersensitive response (HR)-like cell death, accompanied by H O generation and increased PR1 expression. Mannose-binding lectins surfactant protein D (SP-D), cyanovirin-N (CV-N) and human mannose-binding lectin (hMBL) also induce salicylic acid (SA)-dependent HR-like cell death in N. benthamiana, and this effect is mediated by the lectin's glycan binding activity. We found that secreted GRFT interacts with an endogenous glycoprotein, α-xylosidase (XYL1), which is involved in cell wall organization. The necrotic effect could be mitigated by overexpression of Arabidopsis XYL1, and by co-expression of SA-degrading enzyme NahG, providing strategies for enhancing expression of oligomannose-binding lectins in plants.

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