The Genetic Backgrounds in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Overview

Journal Clin J Gastroenterol

Specialty Gastroenterology

Date 2018 Mar 2

PMID 29492830

Citations 21

Authors

Yuya Seko

Kanji Yamaguchi

Yoshito Itoh

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a severe form of NAFLD, can lead to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and hepatic failure. The development and progression of NAFLD are determined by environmental and genetic factors. The effect of genetic factors has been demonstrated by familial studies, twin studies and several cross-sectional studies. In the past 10 years, genome-wide association studies have revealed several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with the pathology of NAFLD. Among them, the Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3 (PNPLA3) gene variant I148M showed a strong relationship with the development and progression of NAFLD, NASH, and NAFLD-related HCC. The transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 (TM6SF2) gene variant E167 K was also associated with NAFLD, and it has a relationship with cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, several genes have been proposed as candidate genes to be associated with NAFLD based on case-control studies. We conducted a comprehensive literature search and review on the genetic background of NAFLD.

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