Role of T. Cruzi Exposure in the Pattern of T Cell Cytokines Among Chronically Infected HIV and Chagas Disease Patients

Overview

Journal Clinics (Sao Paulo)

Publisher Elsevier

Specialty General Medicine

Date 2017 Dec 14

PMID 29236910

Citations 2

Authors

Tania Regina Tozetto-Mendoza

Dewton de Moraes Vasconcelos

Karim Yaqub Ibrahim

Ana Marli Christovam Sartori

Rita C Bezerra

Vera Lucia Teixeira de Freitas

Maria Aparecida Shikanai-Yasuda

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objectives: The impact of Chagas disease (CD) in HIV-infected patients is relevant throughout the world. In fact, the characterization of the adaptive immune response in the context of co-infection is important for predicting the need for interventions in areas in which HIV and Chagas disease co-exist.

Methods: We described and compared the frequency of cytokine-producing T cells stimulated with soluble antigen of Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) using a cytometric assay for the following groups: individuals with chronic Chagas disease (CHR, n=10), those with Chagas disease and HIV infection (CO, n=11), those with only HIV (HIV, n=14) and healthy individuals (C, n=15).

Results: We found 1) a constitutively lower frequency of IL-2+ and IFN-γ+ T cells in the CHR group compared with the HIV, CO and healthy groups; 2) a suppressive activity of soluble T. cruzi antigen, which down-regulated IL-2+CD4+ and IFN-γ+CD4+ phenotypes, notably in the healthy group; 3) a down-regulation of inflammatory cytokines on CD8+ T cells in the indeterminate form of Chagas disease; and 4) a significant increase in IL-10+CD8+ cells distinguishing the indeterminate form from the cardiac/digestive form of Chagas disease, even in the presence of HIV infection.

Conclusions: Taken together, our data suggest the presence of an immunoregulatory response in chronic Chagas disease, which seems to be driven by T. cruzi antigens. Our findings provide new insights into immunotherapeutic strategies for people living with HIV/AIDS and Chagas disease.

Citing Articles

Clinical profile and mortality in patients with T. cruzi/HIV co-infection from the multicenter data base of the "Network for healthcare and study of Trypanosoma cruzi/HIV co-infection and other immunosuppression conditions".

Shikanai-Yasuda M, Mediano M, Novaes C, Silvestre de Sousa A, Sartori A, Santana R PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2021; 15(9):e0009809.

PMID: 34591866 PMC: 8483313. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009809.

Disagreement between PCR and serological diagnosis of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in blood donors from a Colombian endemic region.

Garcia Sanchez L, Aguilar Jimenez J, Bueno M, Moreno Moreno E, Ramirez H, Daza N Biomedica. 2021; 41(Supl. 1):47-59.

PMID: 34111340 PMC: 8318390. DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.5441.

References

ONeil-Andersen N, Lawrence D . Differential modulation of surface and intracellular protein expression by T cells after stimulation in the presence of monensin or brefeldin A. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2002; 9(2):243-50. PMC: 119934. DOI: 10.1128/cdli.9.2.243-250.2001. View

Mosca W, Briceno L, Hernandez M . Cell mediated immunity in Chagas' disease. Trypanosoma cruzi antigens induce suppression of the in vitro proliferative response of mononuclear cells. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 1991; 86(2):147-52. DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02761991000200002. View

Almeida E, Ramos Junior A, Correia D, Shikanai-Yasuda M . Co-infection Trypanosoma cruzi/HIV: systematic review (1980-2010). Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2012; 44(6):762-70. DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86822011000600021. View

Schmunis G, Yadon Z . Chagas disease: a Latin American health problem becoming a world health problem. Acta Trop. 2009; 115(1-2):14-21. DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2009.11.003. View

Riarte A, Luna C, Sabatiello R, Sinagra A, Schiavelli R, De Rissio A . Chagas' disease in patients with kidney transplants: 7 years of experience 1989-1996. Clin Infect Dis. 1999; 29(3):561-7. DOI: 10.1086/598634. View

Kirchhoff L, Gam A, Gilliam F . American trypanosomiasis (Chagas' disease) in Central American immigrants. Am J Med. 1987; 82(5):915-20. DOI: 10.1016/0002-9343(87)90152-5. View

Rodrigues D, Correia D, Marra M, Giraldo L, Lages-Silva E, Silva-Vergara M . Cytokine serum levels in patients infected by human immunodeficiency virus with and without Trypanosoma cruzi coinfection. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2006; 38(6):483-7. DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86822005000600007. View

Laucella S, Postan M, Martin D, Hubby Fralish B, Albareda M, Alvarez M . Frequency of interferon- gamma -producing T cells specific for Trypanosoma cruzi inversely correlates with disease severity in chronic human Chagas disease. J Infect Dis. 2004; 189(5):909-18. DOI: 10.1086/381682. View

Schmunis G, Zicker F, CRUZ J, Cuchi P . Safety of blood supply for infectious diseases in Latin American countries, 1994-1997. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2002; 65(6):924-30. DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2001.65.924. View

10.

Pereira J, Willcox H, Marcondes C, Coura J . [Parasitemia in chronic chagasic patients evaluated using the index of infected Triatoma in xenodiagnosis]. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 1989; 22(1):39-44. DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86821989000100007. View

11.

Luz Z, Coutinho M, CANCADO J, Krettli A . [Hemoculture: sensitive technique in the detection of Trypanosoma cruzi in chagasic patients in the chronic phase of Chagas disease]. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 1994; 27(3):143-8. DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86821994000300004. View

12.

Sun L, St Leger A, Yu C, He C, Mahdi R, Chan C . Interferon Regulator Factor 8 (IRF8) Limits Ocular Pathology during HSV-1 Infection by Restraining the Activation and Expansion of CD8+ T Cells. PLoS One. 2016; 11(5):e0155420. PMC: 4865128. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155420. View

13.

Altclas J, Sinagra A, Dictar M, Luna C, Veron M, De Rissio A . Chagas disease in bone marrow transplantation: an approach to preemptive therapy. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2005; 36(2):123-9. DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1705006. View

14.

Jensen K, Dela Pena-Ponce M, Piatak Jr M, Shoemaker R, Oswald K, Jacobs Jr W . Balancing Trained Immunity with Persistent Immune Activation and the Risk of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Infant Macaques Vaccinated with Attenuated Mycobacterium tuberculosis or Mycobacterium bovis BCG Vaccine. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2016; 24(1). PMC: 5216431. DOI: 10.1128/CVI.00360-16. View

15.

Barros-Mazon S, Guariento M, da Silva C, Coffman R, Abrahamsohn I . Differential regulation of lymphoproliferative responses to Trypanosoma cruzi antigen in patients with the cardiac or indeterminate form of Chagas disease. Clin Immunol. 2004; 111(1):137-45. DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2004.01.002. View

16.

Sartori A, Lopes M, Caramelli B, Duarte M, Pinto P, Neto V . Simultaneous occurrence of acute myocarditis and reactivated Chagas' disease in a patient with AIDS. Clin Infect Dis. 1995; 21(5):1297-9. DOI: 10.1093/clinids/21.5.1297. View

17.

de Melo A, Lorena V, de Moura Braz S, Docena C, Gomes Y . IL-10 and IFN-γ gene expression in chronic Chagas disease patients after in vitro stimulation with recombinant antigens of Trypanosoma cruzi. Cytokine. 2012; 58(2):207-12. DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2012.01.008. View

18.

Brockman M, Kwon D, Tighe D, Pavlik D, Rosato P, Sela J . IL-10 is up-regulated in multiple cell types during viremic HIV infection and reversibly inhibits virus-specific T cells. Blood. 2009; 114(2):346-56. PMC: 2714209. DOI: 10.1182/blood-2008-12-191296. View

19.

Campos S, Strabelli T, Amato Neto V, Silva C, Bacal F, Bocchi E . Risk factors for Chagas' disease reactivation after heart transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2008; 27(6):597-602. DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2008.02.017. View

20.

de Araujo F, Correa-Oliveira R, Rocha M, Chaves A, Fiuza J, Fares R . Foxp3+CD25(high) CD4+ regulatory T cells from indeterminate patients with Chagas disease can suppress the effector cells and cytokines and reveal altered correlations with disease severity. Immunobiology. 2012; 217(8):768-77. DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2012.04.008. View