Evaluation of Hypolipidemic and Antioxidant Effects in Phenolrich Fraction of Fruit in Hyperlipidemia Rats and Identification of Chemical Composition by Ultra-performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Quadropole Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry

Overview

Journal Pharmacogn Mag

Publisher Sage Publications

Date 2017 Dec 5

PMID 29200740

Citations 5

Authors

Feng Shao

Lifei Gu

Huijuan Chen

Ronghua Liu

Huilian Huang

Lanying Chen

Ming Yang

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Hawthorn () fruit has enjoyed a great popularity as a pleasant-tasting food associated with hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects.

Objective: Our aim was to screen the effective fraction of hawthorn fruit in the treatment of hyperlipidemia rats. Materials and Methods: In this study, ethanol extract of hawthorn fruit (Fr.1) and four fractionated extracts (Fr.2, Fr.3, Fr.4, and Fr.5) were compared to total phenol content evaluated using Folin-Ciocalteu method, and hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects were assessed in hyperlipidemic rats.

Results: Total phenol content of Fr.4 was higher than other fractions by at least 2 fold. Furthermore, this fraction possessed the strongest hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects in hyperlipidemic rats. On this basis, 15 phenolic compounds and four organic acids in Fr.4 were positively or tentatively identified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadropole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. In addition, 5-O-caffeoyl quinic acid butyl ester was first reported in hawthorn fruit.

Conclusion: Phenol-rich fraction in hawthorn fruit exhibited satisfactory hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects, and this could be exploited for further promotion of functional foods.

Summary: Phenol-rich fraction in hawthorn fruit possesses most potent hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects in hyperlidemia rats. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS: Ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadropole time-of-flight mass spectrometry; TC: Total cholesterol; TG: Triglyceride; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; GSH-Px: Glutathione peroxidase; SOD: Superoxide dismutase; MDA: Malondialdehyde; CAT: Catalase; NO: Nitric oxide; NOS: Nitric oxide synthase; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; •OOH: Superoxide anions, •OH: Hydroxyl radicals.

Citing Articles

The Application of Metabolomics in Hyperlipidemia: Insights into Biomarker Discovery and Treatment Efficacy Assessment.

Alwahsh M, Alejel R, Hasan A, Abuzaid H, Al-Qirim T Metabolites. 2024; 14(8).

PMID: 39195534 PMC: 11356594. DOI: 10.3390/metabo14080438.

Phenolic acids from medicinal and edible homologous plants: a potential anti-inflammatory agent for inflammatory diseases.

Xie J, Xiong S, Li Y, Xia B, Li M, Zhang Z Front Immunol. 2024; 15:1345002.

PMID: 38975345 PMC: 11224438. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1345002.

Comprehensive metabolomic variations of hawthorn before and after insect infestation based on the combination analysis of H NMR and UPLC-MS.

Cheng Y, Liu Z, Xu B, Song P, Chao Z Curr Res Food Sci. 2023; 7:100616.

PMID: 37881336 PMC: 10594559. DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100616.

The Hypolipidemic Effect of T. C. Chen Leaf Extract on Hyperlipidemic Rats and Its Mechanism Investigation Based on Network Pharmacology.

Mei H, Hu H, Lv Y, Ma G, Tang F, Hong Z Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022; 2021:3155266.

PMID: 34987591 PMC: 8723852. DOI: 10.1155/2021/3155266.

Development of a quantified herbal extract of hawthorn leaves with vasodilator effect.

Ornelas-Lim C, Luna-Vazquez F, Rojas-Molina A, Ibarra-Alvarado C Saudi Pharm J. 2021; 29(11):1258-1266.

PMID: 34819787 PMC: 8596289. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2021.10.002.

References

Slim R, Toborek M, Watkins B, BOISSONNEAULT G, Hennig B . Susceptibility to hepatic oxidative stress in rabbits fed different animal and plant fats. J Am Coll Nutr. 1996; 15(3):289-94. DOI: 10.1080/07315724.1996.10718600. View

Schini-Kerth V, Auger C, Kim J, Etienne-Selloum N, Chataigneau T . Nutritional improvement of the endothelial control of vascular tone by polyphenols: role of NO and EDHF. Pflugers Arch. 2010; 459(6):853-62. DOI: 10.1007/s00424-010-0806-4. View

Napoli C, de Nigris F, Williams-Ignarro S, Pignalosa O, Sica V, Ignarro L . Nitric oxide and atherosclerosis: an update. Nitric Oxide. 2006; 15(4):265-79. DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2006.03.011. View

Clifford M, Knight S, Kuhnert N . Discriminating between the six isomers of dicaffeoylquinic acid by LC-MS(n). J Agric Food Chem. 2005; 53(10):3821-32. DOI: 10.1021/jf050046h. View

Chu C, Lee M, Liao C, Lin W, Yin Y, Tseng T . Inhibitory effect of hot-water extract from dried fruit of Crataegus pinnatifida on low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation in cell and cell-free systems. J Agric Food Chem. 2003; 51(26):7583-8. DOI: 10.1021/jf030407y. View

Zhang Z, Ho W, Huang Y, James A, Lam L, Chen Z . Hawthorn fruit is hypolipidemic in rabbits fed a high cholesterol diet. J Nutr. 2002; 132(1):5-10. DOI: 10.1093/jn/132.1.5. View

Jurikova T, Sochor J, Rop O, Mlcek J, Balla S, Szekeres L . Polyphenolic profile and biological activity of Chinese hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida BUNGE) fruits. Molecules. 2012; 17(12):14490-509. PMC: 6268084. DOI: 10.3390/molecules171214490. View

Zhang Z, Chang Q, Zhu M, Huang Y, Ho W, Chen Z . Characterization of antioxidants present in hawthorn fruits. J Nutr Biochem. 2001; 12(3):144-152. DOI: 10.1016/s0955-2863(00)00137-6. View

Schmitt C, Dirsch V . Modulation of endothelial nitric oxide by plant-derived products. Nitric Oxide. 2009; 21(2):77-91. DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2009.05.006. View

10.

Liu P, Kallio H, Lu D, Zhou C, Yang B . Quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds in Chinese hawthorn (Crataegus spp.) fruits by high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry. Food Chem. 2014; 127(3):1370-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.01.103. View

11.

Shao F, Gu L, Chen H, Liu R, Huang H, Ren G . Comparation of Hypolipidemic and Antioxidant Effects of Aqueous and Ethanol Extracts of Crataegus pinnatifida Fruit in High-Fat Emulsion-Induced Hyperlipidemia Rats. Pharmacogn Mag. 2016; 12(45):64-9. PMC: 4787339. DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.176049. View

12.

Feng Y, Sun C, Yuan Y, Zhu Y, Wan J, Firempong C . Enhanced oral bioavailability and in vivo antioxidant activity of chlorogenic acid via liposomal formulation. Int J Pharm. 2016; 501(1-2):342-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.01.081. View

13.

Wen L, Guo X, Liu R, You L, Abbasi A, Fu X . Phenolic contents and cellular antioxidant activity of Chinese hawthorn "Crataegus pinnatifida". Food Chem. 2015; 186:54-62. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.03.017. View

14.

Afonso M, Silva A, Carvalho E, Rivelli D, Barros S, Rogero M . Phenolic compounds from Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) attenuate oxidative stress and reduce blood cholesterol concentrations in diet-induced hypercholesterolemic rats. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2013; 10(1):19. PMC: 3586571. DOI: 10.1186/1743-7075-10-19. View

15.

Wennmalm A . Endothelial nitric oxide and cardiovascular disease. J Intern Med. 1994; 235(4):317-27. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.1994.tb01081.x. View

16.

Li X, Xiong Z, Ying X, Cui L, Zhu W, Li F . A rapid ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric method for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the constituents of the flower of Trollius ledibouri Reichb. Anal Chim Acta. 2007; 580(2):170-80. DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2006.07.069. View

17.

Fabre N, Rustan I, de Hoffmann E, Quetin-Leclercq J . Determination of flavone, flavonol, and flavanone aglycones by negative ion liquid chromatography electrospray ion trap mass spectrometry. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom. 2001; 12(6):707-15. DOI: 10.1016/S1044-0305(01)00226-4. View

18.

Chen J, Wu Y, Tao Z, Chen Z, Liu X . Hawthorn (shan zha) drink and its lowering effect on blood lipid levels in humans and rats. World Rev Nutr Diet. 1995; 77:147-54. DOI: 10.1159/000424470. View

19.

Wu P, Ma G, Li N, Deng Q, Yin Y, Huang R . Investigation of in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities of flavonoids rich extract from the berries of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa(Ait.) Hassk. Food Chem. 2014; 173:194-202. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.10.023. View

20.

Zhang W, Xu M, Yu C, Zhang G, Tang X . Simultaneous determination of vitexin-4''-O-glucoside, vitexin-2''-O-rhamnoside, rutin and vitexin from hawthorn leaves flavonoids in rat plasma by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2010; 878(21):1837-44. DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.05.023. View