Bovine Origin : A New Zoonotic Agent?

Overview

Journal Vet World

Specialty Veterinary Medicine

Date 2017 Nov 30

PMID 29184376

Citations 2

Authors

Relangi Tulasi Rao

Kannan Jayakumar

Pavitra Kumar

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Aim: The study aimed to assess the nature of animal origin strains. The study has zoonotic importance and aimed to compare virulence between two different hosts, i.e., bovine and ovine origin.

Materials And Methods: Conventional polymerase chain reaction-based methods used for the characterization of strains and chick embryo model employed for the assessment of virulence capacity of strains. All statistical tests carried on R program, version 3.0.4.

Results: After initial screening and molecular characterization of the prevalence of found to be 42.62% in bovine origin samples and 28.35% among ovine origin samples. Meanwhile, the methicillin-resistant prevalence is found to be meager in both the hosts. Among the samples, only 6.8% isolates tested positive for methicillin resistance. The biofilm formation quantified and the variation compared among the host. A Welch two-sample -test found to be statistically significant, t=2.3179, df=28.103, and p=0.02795. Chicken embryo model found effective to test the pathogenicity of the strains.

Conclusion: The study helped to conclude healthy bovines can act as reservoirs. Bovine origin strains are more virulent than ovine origin strains. Bovine origin strains have high probability to become zoonotic pathogen. Further, gene knock out studies may be conducted to conclude zoonocity of the bovine origin strains.

Citing Articles

[Methicillin-resistant in the Americas: systematic review and metanalysis of prevalence in food-producing animals resistente a la meticilina en la Región de las Américas: revisión sistemática y metanálisis de la prevalencia en la actividad...].

Barberato-Filho S, Bergamaschi C, Del Fiol F, Antoniazzi F, Stievano J, Justo A Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2020; 44:e48.

PMID: 32973900 PMC: 7498297. DOI: 10.26633/RPSP.2020.48.

Microbial load in bio-slurry from different biogas plants in Bangladesh.

Islam M, Biswas P, Sabuj A, Haque Z, Saha C, Alam M J Adv Vet Anim Res. 2019; 6(3):376-383.

PMID: 31583235 PMC: 6760512. DOI: 10.5455/javar.2019.f357.

References

Rahimi H, Saei H, Ahmadi M . Nasal Carriage of Staphylococcus aureus : Frequency and Antibiotic Resistance in Healthy Ruminants. Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2015; 8(10):e22413. PMC: 4640094. DOI: 10.5812/jjm.22413. View

Duran N, Ozer B, Gulbol Duran G, Onlen Y, Demir C . Antibiotic resistance genes & susceptibility patterns in staphylococci. Indian J Med Res. 2012; 135:389-96. PMC: 3361877. View

Cha J, Yoo J, Yoo J, Chung H, Park S, Kim H . Investigation of Biofilm Formation and its Association with the Molecular and Clinical Characteristics of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2013; 4(5):225-32. PMC: 3845227. DOI: 10.1016/j.phrp.2013.09.001. View

Mulcahy M, Geoghegan J, Monk I, OKeeffe K, Walsh E, Foster T . Nasal colonisation by Staphylococcus aureus depends upon clumping factor B binding to the squamous epithelial cell envelope protein loricrin. PLoS Pathog. 2013; 8(12):e1003092. PMC: 3531522. DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003092. View

Gefen O, Balaban N . The importance of being persistent: heterogeneity of bacterial populations under antibiotic stress. FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2009; 33(4):704-17. DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6976.2008.00156.x. View

Polakowska K, Lis M, Helbin W, Dubin G, Dubin A, Niedziolka J . The virulence of Staphylococcus aureus correlates with strain genotype in a chicken embryo model but not a nematode model. Microbes Infect. 2012; 14(14):1352-62. DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2012.09.006. View

Lee S, Mangolin B, Goncalves J, Neeff D, Silva M, Cruz A . Biofilm-producing ability of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from Brazilian dairy farms. J Dairy Sci. 2014; 97(3):1812-6. DOI: 10.3168/jds.2013-7387. View

OToole G . Microtiter dish biofilm formation assay. J Vis Exp. 2011; (47). PMC: 3182663. DOI: 10.3791/2437. View

Kumar R, Yadav B, Singh R . Antibiotic resistance and pathogenicity factors in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from mastitic Sahiwal cattle. J Biosci. 2011; 36(1):175-88. DOI: 10.1007/s12038-011-9004-6. View

10.

Mork T, Kvitle B, Mathisen T, Jorgensen H . Bacteriological and molecular investigations of Staphylococcus aureus in dairy goats. Vet Microbiol. 2009; 141(1-2):134-41. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.08.019. View

11.

Frana T, Beahm A, Hanson B, Kinyon J, Layman L, Karriker L . Isolation and characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from pork farms and visiting veterinary students. PLoS One. 2013; 8(1):e53738. PMC: 3536740. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053738. View

12.

Hensen S, Pavicic M, Lohuis J, de Hoog J, Poutrel B . Location of Staphylococcus aureus within the experimentally infected bovine udder and the expression of capsular polysaccharide type 5 in situ. J Dairy Sci. 2000; 83(9):1966-75. DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(00)75073-9. View

13.

Fagundes H, Barchesi L, Filho A, Ferreira L, Oliveira C . Occurrence of Staphylococcus aureus in raw milk produced in dairy farms in São Paulo state, Brazil. Braz J Microbiol. 2013; 41(2):376-80. PMC: 3768667. DOI: 10.1590/S1517-838220100002000018. View

14.

Andersson C, Gripenland J, Johansson J . Using the chicken embryo to assess virulence of Listeria monocytogenes and to model other microbial infections. Nat Protoc. 2015; 10(8):1155-64. DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2015.073. View

15.

Molla B, Byrne M, Abley M, Mathews J, Jackson C, Fedorka-Cray P . Epidemiology and genotypic characteristics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains of porcine origin. J Clin Microbiol. 2012; 50(11):3687-93. PMC: 3486229. DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01971-12. View

16.

Costerton J, Stewart P, Greenberg E . Bacterial biofilms: a common cause of persistent infections. Science. 1999; 284(5418):1318-22. DOI: 10.1126/science.284.5418.1318. View

17.

Springer B, Orendi U, Much P, Hoger G, Ruppitsch W, Krziwanek K . Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a new zoonotic agent?. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2009; 121(3-4):86-90. DOI: 10.1007/s00508-008-1126-y. View

18.

Gharsa H, Slama K, Gomez-Sanz E, Lozano C, Zarazaga M, Messadi L . Molecular characterization of Staphylococcus aureus from nasal samples of healthy farm animals and pets in Tunisia. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2015; 15(2):109-15. DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2014.1655. View

19.

Haran K, Godden S, Boxrud D, Jawahir S, Bender J, Sreevatsan S . Prevalence and characterization of Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, isolated from bulk tank milk from Minnesota dairy farms. J Clin Microbiol. 2011; 50(3):688-95. PMC: 3295154. DOI: 10.1128/JCM.05214-11. View

20.

Dubey D, Rath S, Sahu M, Rout S, Debata N, Padhy R . A report on infection dynamics of inducible clindamycin resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from a teaching hospital in India. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2013; 3(2):148-53. PMC: 3627176. DOI: 10.1016/S2221-1691(13)60040-4. View