Effect of TiO2 Nanoparticles Incorporation on Antibacterial Properties and Shear Bond Strength of Dental Composite Used in Orthodontics

Overview

Journal Dental Press J Orthod

Specialty Dentistry

Date 2017 Nov 22

PMID 29160346

Citations 60

Authors

Ahmad Sodagar

Mohamad Sadegh Ahmad Akhoundi

Abbas Bahador

Yasamin Farajzadeh Jalali

Zahra Behzadi

Farideh Elhaminejad

Amir Hossein Mirhashemi

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Introduction: Plaque accumulation and bond failure are drawbacks of orthodontic treatment, which requires composite for bonding of brackets. As the antimicrobial properties of TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) have been proven, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial and mechanical properties of composite resins modified by the addition of TiO2 NPs.

Methods: Orthodontics composite containing 0%, 1%, 5% and 10% NPs were prepared. 180 composite disks were prepared for elution test, disk agar diffusion test and biofilm inhibition test to collect the counts of microorganisms on three days, measure the inhibition diameter and quantify the viable counts of colonies consequently. For shear bond strength (SBS) test, 48 intact bovine incisors were divided into four groups. Composites containing 0%, 1%, 5% and 10% NPs were used for bonding of bracket. The bracket/tooth SBS was measured by using an universal testing machine.

Results: All concentration of TiO2 NPs had a significant effect on creation and extension of inhibition zone. For S. mutans and S. sanguinis, all concentration of TiO2 NPs caused reduction of the colony counts. Composite containing 10% TiO2 NPs had significant effect on reduction of colony counts for S. mutans and S. sanguinis in all three days. The highest mean shear bond strength belonged to the control group, while the lowest value was seen in 10% NPs composite.

Conclusions: Incorporating TiO2 nanoparticles into composite resins confer antibacterial properties to adhesives, while the mean shear bond of composite containing 1% and 5% NPs still in an acceptable range.

Citing Articles

Current trends and research advances on the application of TiO nanoparticles in dentistry: How far are we from clinical translation?.

Mohammadi H, Moradpoor H, Beddu S, Mozaffari H, Sharifi R, Rezaei R Heliyon. 2025; 11(3):e42169.

PMID: 39991247 PMC: 11847115. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e42169.

Functional modification and antibacterial evaluation of orthodontic adhesives with poly (lysine)-derived carbon dots.

Xu L, Zhang Q, Xu Y, Xu X, Hu M, Xu J RSC Adv. 2025; 15(8):5876-5888.

PMID: 39980985 PMC: 11841671. DOI: 10.1039/d4ra08710k.

Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of experimental dental composite resin modified by grapefruit seed extract-mediated TiO₂ nanoparticles: green approach.

Ezzat D, Sheta M, Kenawy E, Eid M, Elkafrawy H Odontology. 2025; .

PMID: 39961895 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-025-01058-9.

Insight into the development of versatile dentin bonding agents to increase the durability of the bonding interface.

Porto I, Lobo T, Rodrigues R, Lins R, da Silva M Front Dent Med. 2025; 4:1127368.

PMID: 39916922 PMC: 11797806. DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2023.1127368.

A novel stable biomimetic adhesive coating for functionalization of orthodontic brackets against bacterial colonization and white spot lesions.

Singer L, Karacic S, Bierbaum G, Palmer B, Kirschneck C, Bourauel C BMC Oral Health. 2025; 25(1):23.

PMID: 39755607 PMC: 11700469. DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-05313-3.

References

Demling A, Heuer W, Elter C, Heidenblut T, Bach F, Schwestka-Polly R . Analysis of supra- and subgingival long-term biofilm formation on orthodontic bands. Eur J Orthod. 2009; 31(2):202-6. DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjn090. View

Yamamoto K, Ohashi S, Aono M, Kokubo T, Yamada I, Yamauchi J . Antibacterial activity of silver ions implanted in SiO2 filler on oral streptococci. Dent Mater. 1996; 12(4):227-9. DOI: 10.1016/s0109-5641(96)80027-3. View

Akhavan A, Sodagar A, Mojtahedzadeh F, Sodagar K . Investigating the effect of incorporating nanosilver/nanohydroxyapatite particles on the shear bond strength of orthodontic adhesives. Acta Odontol Scand. 2013; 71(5):1038-42. DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2012.741699. View

Uysal T, Yagci A, Uysal B, Akdogan G . Are nano-composites and nano-ionomers suitable for orthodontic bracket bonding?. Eur J Orthod. 2009; 32(1):78-82. DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjp012. View

Rodriguez-Arguelles M, Sieiro C, Cao R, Nasi L . Chitosan and silver nanoparticles as pudding with raisins with antimicrobial properties. J Colloid Interface Sci. 2011; 364(1):80-4. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.08.006. View

Allaker R . The use of nanoparticles to control oral biofilm formation. J Dent Res. 2010; 89(11):1175-86. DOI: 10.1177/0022034510377794. View

Arhun N, Arman A, Cehreli S, Arikan S, Karabulut E, Gulsahi K . Microleakage beneath ceramic and metal brackets bonded with a conventional and an antibacterial adhesive system. Angle Orthod. 2006; 76(6):1028-34. DOI: 10.2319/101805-368. View

Imazato S, Ebi N, Takahashi Y, Kaneko T, Ebisu S, Russell R . Antibacterial activity of bactericide-immobilized filler for resin-based restoratives. Biomaterials. 2003; 24(20):3605-9. DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(03)00217-5. View

Yacoby I, Benhar I . Antibacterial nanomedicine. Nanomedicine (Lond). 2008; 3(3):329-41. DOI: 10.2217/17435889.3.3.329. View

10.

Leung D, Spratt D, Pratten J, Gulabivala K, Mordan N, Young A . Chlorhexidine-releasing methacrylate dental composite materials. Biomaterials. 2005; 26(34):7145-53. DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.05.014. View

11.

Ahn S, Lee S, Kook J, Lim B . Experimental antimicrobial orthodontic adhesives using nanofillers and silver nanoparticles. Dent Mater. 2008; 25(2):206-13. DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2008.06.002. View

12.

Alt V, Bechert T, Steinrucke P, Wagener M, Seidel P, Dingeldein E . An in vitro assessment of the antibacterial properties and cytotoxicity of nanoparticulate silver bone cement. Biomaterials. 2004; 25(18):4383-91. DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2003.10.078. View

13.

Aydin Sevinc B, Hanley L . Antibacterial activity of dental composites containing zinc oxide nanoparticles. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2010; 94(1):22-31. PMC: 2881188. DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31620. View

14.

Pinto R, Fernandes S, Freire C, Sadocco P, Causio J, Neto C . Antibacterial activity of optically transparent nanocomposite films based on chitosan or its derivatives and silver nanoparticles. Carbohydr Res. 2011; 348:77-83. DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2011.11.009. View

15.

Elsaka S, Hamouda I, Swain M . Titanium dioxide nanoparticles addition to a conventional glass-ionomer restorative: influence on physical and antibacterial properties. J Dent. 2011; 39(9):589-98. DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2011.05.006. View

16.

Syafiuddin T, Hisamitsu H, Toko T, Igarashi T, Goto N, Fujishima A . In vitro inhibition of caries around a resin composite restoration containing antibacterial filler. Biomaterials. 1997; 18(15):1051-7. DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(97)88072-6. View

17.

Fujimoto T, Tsuchiya Y, Terao M, Nakamura K, Yamamoto M . Antibacterial effects of chitosan solution against Legionella pneumophila, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. Int J Food Microbiol. 2006; 112(2):96-101. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2006.06.003. View

18.

Jedrychowski J, Caputo A, Kerper S . Antibacterial and mechanical properties of restorative materials combined with chlorhexidines. J Oral Rehabil. 1983; 10(5):373-81. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.1983.tb00133.x. View

19.

Sodagar A, Bahador A, Khalil S, Saffar Shahroudi A, Kassaee M . The effect of TiO2 and SiO2 nanoparticles on flexural strength of poly (methyl methacrylate) acrylic resins. J Prosthodont Res. 2012; 57(1):15-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpor.2012.05.001. View

20.

Zimmer B, Rottwinkel Y . Assessing patient-specific decalcification risk in fixed orthodontic treatment and its impact on prophylactic procedures. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2004; 126(3):318-24. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2003.09.031. View