Discrimination and Prediction of Cultivation Age and Parts of Panax Ginseng by Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy Combined with Multivariate Statistical Analysis

Overview

Journal PLoS One

Specialties General Medicine
Science

Date 2017 Oct 20

PMID 29049369

Citations 8

Authors

Byeong-Ju Lee

Hye-Youn Kim

Sa Rang Lim

Linfang Huang

Hyung-Kyoon Choi

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer is a herb used for medicinal purposes, and its discrimination according to cultivation age has been an important and practical issue. This study employed Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy with multivariate statistical analysis to obtain a prediction model for discriminating cultivation ages (5 and 6 years) and three different parts (rhizome, tap root, and lateral root) of P. ginseng. The optimal partial-least-squares regression (PLSR) models for discriminating ginseng samples were determined by selecting normalization methods, number of partial-least-squares (PLS) components, and variable influence on projection (VIP) cutoff values. The best prediction model for discriminating 5- and 6-year-old ginseng was developed using tap root, vector normalization applied after the second differentiation, one PLS component, and a VIP cutoff of 1.0 (based on the lowest root-mean-square error of prediction value). In addition, for discriminating among the three parts of P. ginseng, optimized PLSR models were established using data sets obtained from vector normalization, two PLS components, and VIP cutoff values of 1.5 (for 5-year-old ginseng) and 1.3 (for 6-year-old ginseng). To our knowledge, this is the first study to provide a novel strategy for rapidly discriminating the cultivation ages and parts of P. ginseng using FT-IR by selected normalization methods, number of PLS components, and VIP cutoff values.

Citing Articles

Rapid discrimination of powder adulterated with various root plants by FT-IR spectroscopy coupled with multivariate analysis.

Choi J, Kim M, Park S, Cho J, Lim J, Moon K Food Sci Biotechnol. 2024; 33(4):805-815.

PMID: 38371692 PMC: 10866853. DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01423-w.

Biosynthesis of Functional Silver Nanoparticles Using Callus and Hairy Root Cultures of .

Yugay Y, Sorokina M, Grigorchuk V, Rusapetova T, Silantev V, Egorova A J Funct Biomater. 2023; 14(9).

PMID: 37754865 PMC: 10532211. DOI: 10.3390/jfb14090451.

Trends in digital detection for the quality and safety of herbs using infrared and Raman spectroscopy.

Chen R, Liu F, Zhang C, Wang W, Yang R, Zhao Y Front Plant Sci. 2023; 14:1128300.

PMID: 37025139 PMC: 10072231. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1128300.

Application of FT-IR spectroscopy and chemometric technique for the identification of three different parts of and discrimination of its authenticated product.

Tew W, Ying C, Wujun Z, Baocai L, Yoon T, Yam M Front Pharmacol. 2022; 13:931203.

PMID: 36238551 PMC: 9551166. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.931203.

Use of ATR-FTIR Spectroscopy and Chemometrics for the Variation of Active Components in Different Harvesting Periods of .

Zhang Y, Deng J, Lin X, Li Y, Sheng H, Xia B Int J Anal Chem. 2022; 2022:8850914.

PMID: 35295923 PMC: 8920638. DOI: 10.1155/2022/8850914.

References

Scaglione F, Ferrara F, Dugnani S, Falchi M, Santoro G, Fraschini F . Immunomodulatory effects of two extracts of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer. Drugs Exp Clin Res. 1990; 16(10):537-42. View

Shibata S . Chemistry and cancer preventing activities of ginseng saponins and some related triterpenoid compounds. J Korean Med Sci. 2001; 16 Suppl:S28-37. PMC: 3202208. DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2001.16.S.S28. View

Kim N, Kim K, Choi B, Lee D, Shin Y, Bang K . Metabolomic approach for age discrimination of Panax ginseng using UPLC-Q-Tof MS. J Agric Food Chem. 2011; 59(19):10435-41. DOI: 10.1021/jf201718r. View

Van Der Kooy F, Maltese F, Choi Y, Kim H, Verpoorte R . Quality control of herbal material and phytopharmaceuticals with MS and NMR based metabolic fingerprinting. Planta Med. 2009; 75(7):763-75. DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1185450. View

Yang S, Shin Y, Hyun S, Cho S, Bang K, Lee D . NMR-based metabolic profiling and differentiation of ginseng roots according to cultivation ages. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2011; 58:19-26. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2011.09.016. View

Chung S, Choi C, Park S . Comparisons between white ginseng radix and rootlet for antidiabetic activity and mechanism in KKAy mice. Arch Pharm Res. 2001; 24(3):214-8. DOI: 10.1007/BF02978260. View

Baker M, Gazi E, Brown M, Shanks J, Gardner P, Clarke N . FTIR-based spectroscopic analysis in the identification of clinically aggressive prostate cancer. Br J Cancer. 2008; 99(11):1859-66. PMC: 2600682. DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604753. View

Yang S, Lee S, Kim Y, Sohn S, Kim Y, Hyun D . HPLC-based metabolic profiling and quality control of leaves of different Panax species. J Ginseng Res. 2013; 37(2):248-53. PMC: 3659636. DOI: 10.5142/jgr.2013.37.248. View

Gault N, Lefaix J . Infrared microspectroscopic characteristics of radiation-induced apoptosis in human lymphocytes. Radiat Res. 2003; 160(2):238-50. DOI: 10.1667/rr3020.1. View

10.

Baker M, Trevisan J, Bassan P, Bhargava R, Butler H, Dorling K . Using Fourier transform IR spectroscopy to analyze biological materials. Nat Protoc. 2014; 9(8):1771-91. PMC: 4480339. DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2014.110. View

11.

Smidt E, Meissl K . The applicability of Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy in waste management. Waste Manag. 2006; 27(2):268-76. DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2006.01.016. View

12.

Dey L, Xie J, Wang A, Wu J, Maleckar S, Yuan C . Anti-hyperglycemic effects of ginseng: comparison between root and berry. Phytomedicine. 2003; 10(6-7):600-5. DOI: 10.1078/094471103322331908. View

13.

Kong J, Yu S . Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis of protein secondary structures. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai). 2007; 39(8):549-59. DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-7270.2007.00320.x. View

14.

Taylor J, King R, Altmann T, Fiehn O . Application of metabolomics to plant genotype discrimination using statistics and machine learning. Bioinformatics. 2002; 18 Suppl 2:S241-8. DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/18.suppl_2.s241. View

15.

YUN T, Lee Y, Lee Y, Kim S, Yun H . Anticarcinogenic effect of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer and identification of active compounds. J Korean Med Sci. 2001; 16 Suppl:S6-18. PMC: 3202204. DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2001.16.S.S6. View

16.

Cho W, Chung W, Lee S, Leung A, Cheng C, Yue K . Ginsenoside Re of Panax ginseng possesses significant antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic efficacies in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Eur J Pharmacol. 2006; 550(1-3):173-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.08.056. View

17.

Xiang Z, Wang X, Cai X, Zeng S . Metabolomics study on quality control and discrimination of three curcuma species based on gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry. Phytochem Anal. 2011; 22(5):411-8. DOI: 10.1002/pca.1296. View

18.

Kim J, Germolec D, Luster M . Panax ginseng as a potential immunomodulator: studies in mice. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 1990; 12(2):257-76. DOI: 10.3109/08923979009019672. View

19.

Meade A, Lyng F, Knief P, Byrne H . Growth substrate induced functional changes elucidated by FTIR and Raman spectroscopy in in-vitro cultured human keratinocytes. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2006; 387(5):1717-28. DOI: 10.1007/s00216-006-0876-5. View

20.

Matsuda H, Murata K, Takeshita F, Takada K, Samukawa K, Tani T . [Medicinal history and ginsenosides composition of Panax ginseng rhizome, "Rozu"]. Yakushigaku Zasshi. 2010; 45(1):40-8. View