Community-acquired Pneumonia in Children - a Changing Spectrum of Disease

Overview

Journal Pediatr Radiol

Specialty Pediatrics

Date 2017 Oct 19

PMID 29043417

Citations 43

Authors

David M Le Roux

Heather J Zar

Affiliations

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Abstract

Pneumonia remains the leading cause of death in children outside the neonatal period, despite advances in prevention and management. Over the last 20 years, there has been a substantial decrease in the incidence of childhood pneumonia and pneumonia-associated mortality. New conjugate vaccines against Haemophilus influenzae type b and Streptococcus pneumoniae have contributed to decreases in radiologic, clinical and complicated pneumonia cases and have reduced hospitalization and mortality. The importance of co-infections with multiple pathogens and the predominance of viral-associated disease are emerging. Better access to effective preventative and management strategies is needed in low- and middle-income countries, while new strategies are needed to address the residual burden of disease once these have been implemented.

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