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Cingulate Alpha-2A Adrenoceptors Mediate the Effects of Clonidine on Spontaneous Pain Induced by Peripheral Nerve Injury

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Specialty Molecular Biology
Date 2017 Sep 29
PMID 28955200
Citations 11
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Abstract

The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is an important brain area for the regulation of neuropathic pain. The α adrenoceptor is a good target for pain management. However, the role of cingulate α adrenoceptors in the regulation of neuropathic pain has been less studied. In this study, we investigated the involvement of cingulate α adrenoceptors in the regulation of neuropathic pain at different time points after peripheral nerve injury in mice. The application of clonidine, either systemically (0.5 mg/kg intraperitoneally) or specifically to the ACC, increased paw withdrawal thresholds (PWTs) and induced conditioned place preference (CPP) at day 7 after nerve injury, suggesting that cingulate α adrenoceptors are involved in the regulation of pain-like behaviors. Quantitative real-time PCR data showed that α adrenoceptors are the dominant α adrenoceptors in the ACC. Furthermore, the expression of cingulate α adrenoceptors was increased at day 3 and day 7 after nerve injury, but decreased at day 14, while no change was detected in the concentration of adrenaline or noradrenaline. BRL-44408 maleate, a selective antagonist of α adrenoceptors, was microinfused into the ACC. This blocking of cingulate α adrenoceptors activity abolished the CPP induced by clonidine (0.5 mg/kg intraperitoneally) but not the effects on PWTs at day 7. However, clonidine applied systemically or specifically to the ACC at day 14 increased the PWTs but failed to induce CPP; this negative effect was reversed by the overexpression of cingulate α adrenoceptors. These results suggest that cingulate α adrenoceptors are necessary for the analgesic effects of clonidine on spontaneous pain.

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