Biological Effects and Epidemiological Consequences of Arsenic Exposure, and Reagents That Can Ameliorate Arsenic Damage

Overview

Journal Oncotarget

Specialty Oncology

Date 2017 Sep 17

PMID 28915699

Citations 26

Authors

Chinthalapally V Rao

Sanya Pal

Altaf Mohammed

Mudassir Farooqui

Mark P Doescher

Adam S Asch

Hiroshi Y Yamada

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Through contaminated diet, water, and other forms of environmental exposure, arsenic affects human health. There are many U.S. and worldwide "hot spots" where the arsenic level in public water exceeds the maximum exposure limit. The biological effects of chronic arsenic exposure include generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress and DNA damage, epigenetic DNA modification, induction of genomic instability, and inflammation and immunomodulation, all of which can initiate carcinogenesis. High arsenic exposure is epidemiologically associated with skin, lung, bladder, liver, kidney and pancreatic cancer, and cardiovascular, neuronal, and other diseases. This review briefly summarizes the biological effects of arsenic exposure and epidemiological cancer studies worldwide, and provides an overview for emerging rodent-based studies of reagents that can ameliorate the effects of arsenic exposure . These reagents may be translated to human populations for disease prevention. We propose the importance of developing a biomarker-based precision prevention approach for the health issues associated with arsenic exposure that affects millions of people worldwide.

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