Classification of Actinoplanes Sp. ATCC 33076, an Actinomycete That Produces the Glycolipodepsipeptide Antibiotic Ramoplanin, As Actinoplanes Ramoplaninifer Sp. Nov

Strain ATCC 33076, which produces the antibiotic ramoplanin, was isolated from a soil sample collected in India, and it was classified as a member of the genus Actinoplanes on the basis of morphology and cell-wall composition. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the strain forms a distinct clade within the genus Actinoplanes, and it is most closely related to Actinoplanes deccanensis IFO 13994 (98.71 % similarity) and Actinoplanes atraurantiacus Y16 (98.33 %). The strain forms an extensively branched substrate mycelium; the sporangia are formed very scantily and are globose with irregular surface. Spores are oval and motile. The cell wall contains meso-diaminopimelic acid and the diagnostic sugars are xylose and arabinose. The predominant menaquinone is MK-9(H6), with minor amounts of MK-9(H4) and MK-9(H2). Mycolic acids are absent. The diagnostic phospholipids are phosphatidylethanolamine, hydroxyphosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol. The major cellular fatty acids are anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0, followed by iso-C15 : 0 and moderate amounts of anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 and C18 : 1ω9c. The genomic DNA G+C content is 71.4 mol%. Significant differences in the morphological, chemotaxonomic and biochemical data, together with DNA-DNA relatedness between strain ATCC 33076 and closely related type strains, clearly demonstrated that strain ATCC 33076 represents a novel species of the genus Actinoplanes, for which the name Actinoplanes ramoplaninifer sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is ATCC 33076 (=DSM 105064=NRRL B-65484).