Mechanochemical Synthesis of Thioureas, Ureas and Guanidines

Overview

Journal Beilstein J Org Chem

Specialty Chemistry

Date 2017 Sep 15

PMID 28904627

Citations 11

Authors

Vjekoslav Strukil

Affiliations

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Abstract

In this review, the recent progress in the synthesis of ureas, thioureas and guanidines by solid-state mechanochemical ball milling is highlighted. While the literature is abundant on their preparation in conventional solution environment, it was not until the advent of solvent-free manual grinding using a mortar and pestle and automated ball milling that new synthetic opportunities have opened. The mechanochemical approach not only has enabled the quantitative synthesis of (thio)ureas and guanidines without using bulk solvents and the generation of byproducts, but it has also been established as a means to develop "click-type" chemistry for these classes of compounds and the concept of small molecule desymmetrization. Moreover, mechanochemistry has been demonstrated as an effective tool in reaction discovery, with emphasis on the reactivity differences in solution and in the solid state. These three classes of organic compounds share some structural features which are reflected in their physical and chemical properties, important for application as organocatalysts and sensors. On the other hand, the specific and unique nature of each of these functionalities render (thio)ureas and guanidines as the key constituents of pharmaceuticals and other biologically active compounds.

Citing Articles

Antioxidant, antibacterial, enzyme inhibition and fluorescence characteristics of unsymmetrical thiourea derivatives.

Ur Rahman F, Shah A, Muhammad M, Khan E, Ataya F, El-Saber Batiha G Heliyon. 2024; 10(10):e31563.

PMID: 38826706 PMC: 11141368. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31563.

Producing Metal Powder from Machining Chips Using Ball Milling Process: A Review.

Wei L, Abd Rahim S, Abdullah M, Yin A, Ghazali M, Omar M Materials (Basel). 2023; 16(13).

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Shaking Things from the Ground-Up: A Systematic Overview of the Mechanochemistry of Hard and High-Melting Inorganic Materials.

Auvray T, Friscic T Molecules. 2023; 28(2).

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Mechanochemical Preparation of Protein : hydantoin Hybrids and Their Release Properties.

Yuan Y, Wang L, Porcheddu A, Colacino E, Solin N ChemSusChem. 2021; 15(2):e202102097.

PMID: 34817915 PMC: 9299789. DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202102097.

Thiourea Derivatives, Simple in Structure but Efficient Enzyme Inhibitors and Mercury Sensors.

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