Intraocular Lymphoma

Overview

Journal Int J Ophthalmol

Specialty Ophthalmology

Date 2017 Sep 2

PMID 28861359

Citations 27

Authors

Li-Juan Tang

Chang-Lin Gu

Ping Zhang

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Intraocular lymphoma (IOL) is a rare lymphocytic malignancy which contains two main distinct forms. Primary intraocular lymphoma (PIOL) is mainly a sub-type of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). Alternatively, IOL can originate from outside the central nervous system (CNS) by metastasizing to the eye. These tumors are known as secondary intraocular lymphoma (SIOL). The IOL can arise in the retina, uvea, vitreous, Bruch's membrane and optic nerve. There are predominantly of B-cell origin; however there are also rare T-cell variants. Diagnosis remains challenging for ophthalmologists and pathologists, due to its ability to masquerade as noninfectious or infectious uveitis, white dot syndromes, or occasionally as other metastatic cancers. Laboratory tests include flow cytometry, immunocytochemistry, interleukin detection (IL-10: IL-6, ratio >1), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. Methotrexate-based systemic chemotherapy with external beam radiotherapy and intravitreal chemotherapy with methotrexate are useful for controlling the disease, but the prognosis remains poor. Therefore, it is important to make an early diagnose and treatment. This review is focused on the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of the IOL.

Citing Articles

Neurosurgical Management of Central Nervous System Lymphoma: Lessons Learnt from a Neuro-Oncology Multidisciplinary Team Approach.

Velicu M, Lavrador J, Sibtain N, Vergani F, Bhangoo R, Gullan R J Pers Med. 2023; 13(5).

PMID: 37240953 PMC: 10221289. DOI: 10.3390/jpm13050783.

An Elderly Man with Atypical Multiple Evanescent White Dot Syndrome.

Wang L, Lankry P, Rabinovitch D, Gallo R, Laiginhas R, Iyer P Case Rep Ophthalmol. 2022; 13(3):892-896.

PMID: 36466057 PMC: 9710463. DOI: 10.1159/000526583.

Value of Combined Diagnosis for Choroidal Lymphoma: A Case Report.

Yang M, Zhang T, Yan B, Huang Y Curr Oncol. 2022; 29(11):8835-8845.

PMID: 36421348 PMC: 9689627. DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29110695.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Vitreous Cytology in Patients with Vitreoretinal Lymphoma.

Lee D, Lee J, Nahm J, Kim M J Clin Med. 2022; 11(21).

PMID: 36362676 PMC: 9656894. DOI: 10.3390/jcm11216450.

MALT Lymphoma Presenting with Peripheral Ulcerative Keratitis.

Patil S, Colby K, Lazzaro D Int Med Case Rep J. 2022; 15:485-490.

PMID: 36120701 PMC: 9477148. DOI: 10.2147/IMCRJ.S361865.

References

Gill M, Jampol L . Variations in the presentation of primary intraocular lymphoma: case reports and a review. Surv Ophthalmol. 2001; 45(6):463-71. DOI: 10.1016/s0039-6257(01)00217-x. View

Korfel A, Schlegel U . Diagnosis and treatment of primary CNS lymphoma. Nat Rev Neurol. 2013; 9(6):317-27. DOI: 10.1038/nrneurol.2013.83. View

Chaput F, Amer R, Baglivo E, Touitou V, Kozyreff A, Bron D . Intraocular T-cell Lymphoma: Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Outcome. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2016; 25(5):639-648. DOI: 10.3109/09273948.2016.1139733. View

Isobe K, Ejima Y, Tokumaru S, Shikama N, Suzuki G, Takemoto M . Treatment of primary intraocular lymphoma with radiation therapy: a multi-institutional survey in Japan. Leuk Lymphoma. 2006; 47(9):1800-5. DOI: 10.1080/10428190600632881. View

Peterson K, Gordon K, Heinemann M, DeAngelis L . The clinical spectrum of ocular lymphoma. Cancer. 1993; 72(3):843-9. DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(19930801)72:3<843::aid-cncr2820720333>3.0.co;2-#. View

Kim M, Dabaja B, Medeiros J, Kim S, Allen P, Chevez-Barrios P . Survival Outcomes of Primary Intraocular Lymphoma: A Single-institution Experience. Am J Clin Oncol. 2014; 39(2):109-13. DOI: 10.1097/COC.0000000000000028. View

Jahnke K, Thiel E, Bechrakis N, Willerding G, Kraemer D, Fischer L . Ifosfamide or trofosfamide in patients with intraocular lymphoma. J Neurooncol. 2008; 93(2):213-7. DOI: 10.1007/s11060-008-9761-8. View

Akpek E, Ahmed I, Hochberg F, Soheilian M, Dryja T, Jakobiec F . Intraocular-central nervous system lymphoma: clinical features, diagnosis, and outcomes. Ophthalmology. 1999; 106(9):1805-10. DOI: 10.1016/S0161-6420(99)90341-X. View

Fredrick D, Char D, Ljung B, Brinton D . Solitary intraocular lymphoma as an initial presentation of widespread disease. Arch Ophthalmol. 1989; 107(3):395-7. DOI: 10.1001/archopht.1989.01070010405034. View

10.

Abu Samra K, Oray M, Ebrahimiadib N, Lee S, Anesi S, Foster C . Intraocular Lymphoma: Descriptive Data of 26 Patients Including Clinico-pathologic Features, Vitreous Findings, and Treatment Outcomes. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2016; 26(3):347-352. DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2016.1193206. View

11.

Cassoux N, Merle-Beral H, Leblond V, Bodaghi B, Milea D, Gerber S . Ocular and central nervous system lymphoma: clinical features and diagnosis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2001; 8(4):243-50. DOI: 10.1076/ocii.8.4.243.6463. View

12.

Trudeau M, Shepherd F, Blackstein M, Gospodarowicz M, FitzPatrick P, Moffatt K . Intraocular lymphoma: report of three cases and review of the literature. Am J Clin Oncol. 1988; 11(2):126-30. View

13.

Grimm S, McCannel C, Omuro A, Ferreri A, Blay J, Neuwelt E . Primary CNS lymphoma with intraocular involvement: International PCNSL Collaborative Group Report. Neurology. 2008; 71(17):1355-60. PMC: 4109164. DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000327672.04729.8c. View

14.

DeAngelis L, Yahalom J, Thaler H, Kher U . Combined modality therapy for primary CNS lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 1992; 10(4):635-43. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1992.10.4.635. View

15.

Mulay K, Narula R, Honavar S . Primary vitreoretinal lymphoma. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2015; 63(3):180-6. PMC: 4448230. DOI: 10.4103/0301-4738.156903. View

16.

Hochberg F, Miller D . Primary central nervous system lymphoma. J Neurosurg. 1988; 68(6):835-53. DOI: 10.3171/jns.1988.68.6.0835. View

17.

Garweg J, Wanner D, Sarra G, Altwegg M, Loosli H, Kodjikian L . The diagnostic yield of vitrectomy specimen analysis in chronic idiopathic endogenous uveitis. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2006; 16(4):588-94. DOI: 10.1177/112067210601600414. View

18.

Reddy E, Bhatia P, Evans R . Primary orbital lymphomas. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1988; 15(5):1239-41. DOI: 10.1016/0360-3016(88)90210-6. View

19.

Hunyor A, Harper C, ODay J, McKelvie P . Ocular-central nervous system lymphoma mimicking posterior scleritis with exudative retinal detachment. Ophthalmology. 2000; 107(10):1955-9. DOI: 10.1016/s0161-6420(00)00342-0. View

20.

Cho B, Yu H . Risk factors for intraocular involvement in patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma. J Neurooncol. 2014; 120(3):523-9. DOI: 10.1007/s11060-014-1581-4. View