Detection of the Cyanotoxins L-BMAA Uptake and Accumulation in Primary Neurons and Astrocytes

Overview

Journal Neurotox Res

Publisher Springer

Specialty Neurology

Date 2017 Aug 31

PMID 28852990

Citations 10

Authors

Vanessa X Tan

Claire Mazzocco

Bianca Varney

Dominique Bodet

Tristan A Guillemin

Alban Bessede

Gilles J Guillemin

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

We show for the first time that a newly developed polyclonal antibody (pAb) can specifically target the cyanotoxin β-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) and can be used to enable direct visualization of BMAA entry and accumulation in primary brain cells. We used this pAb to investigate the effect of acute and chronic accumulation, and toxicity of both BMAA and its natural isomer 2,4-diaminobutyric acid (DAB), separately or in combination, on primary cultures of rat neurons. We further present evidence that co-treatment with BMAA and DAB increased neuronal death, as measured by MAP2 fluorescence level, and appeared to reduce BMAA accumulation. DAB is likely to be acting synergistically with BMAA resulting in higher level of cellular toxicity. We also found that glial cells such as microglia and astrocytes are also able to directly uptake BMAA indicating that additional brain cell types are affected by BMAA-induced toxicity. Therefore, BMAA clearly acts at multiple cellular levels to possibly increase the risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases, including neuro- and gliotoxicity and synergetic exacerbation with other cyanotoxins.

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