Neuroprotective Effects of Polysaccharides Against Oxidative Stress-induced Neuronal Apoptosis

Overview

Journal Neural Regen Res

Date 2017 Aug 2

PMID 28761429

Citations 16

Authors

Xin-Zhi Sun

Ying Liao

Wei Li

Li-Mei Guo

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

polysaccharides have protective effects against apoptosis in neurons exposed to ischemia/reperfusion injury, but the mechanisms are unclear. The goal of this study was to investigate the underlying mechanisms of the effects of ganoderma polysaccharides against oxidative stress-induced neuronal apoptosis. Hydrogen peroxide (HO) was used to induce apoptosis in cultured cerebellar granule cells. In these cells, polysaccharides remarkably suppressed HO-induced apoptosis, decreased expression of caspase-3, Bax and Bim and increased that of Bcl-2. These findings suggested that polysaccharides regulate expression of apoptosis-associated proteins, inhibit oxidative stress-induced neuronal apoptosis and, therefore, have significant neuroprotective effects.

Citing Articles

Bioactive compounds from Chinese herbal plants for neurological health: mechanisms, pathways, and functional food applications.

Meng W, Chao W, Kaiwei Z, Sijia M, Jiajia S, Shijie X Front Nutr. 2025; 12:1537363.

PMID: 39957765 PMC: 11825344. DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1537363.

Experimental Models in Unraveling the Biological Mechanisms of Mushroom-Derived Bioactives against Aging- and Lifestyle-Related Diseases: A Review.

Sharika R, Mongkolpobsin K, Rangsinth P, Prasanth M, Nilkhet S, Pradniwat P Nutrients. 2024; 16(16).

PMID: 39203820 PMC: 11357205. DOI: 10.3390/nu16162682.

Protective effect of Ganoderma lucidum-fermented crop extracts against hydrogen peroxide- or β-amyloid-induced damage in human neuronal SH-SY5Y cells.

Huang C, Liao Y, Chen C, Tsai G BMC Complement Med Ther. 2024; 24(1):148.

PMID: 38580956 PMC: 10996153. DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04409-1.

Polyamines in Edible and Medicinal Fungi from Serbia: A Novel Perspective on Neuroprotective Properties.

Raseta M, Kebert M, Miskovic J, Rakic M, Kostic S, capelja E J Fungi (Basel). 2024; 10(1).

PMID: 38248931 PMC: 10816940. DOI: 10.3390/jof10010021.

(Ganodermataceae): Investigation of Its Secondary Metabolites and the Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Cytotoxic Potential of Its Extracts.

Chafouz R, Karavergou S, Tsiftsoglou O, Maskovic P, Lazari D Int J Mol Sci. 2024; 25(1).

PMID: 38203687 PMC: 10779304. DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010516.

References

Brune B, Zhou J, von Knethen A . Nitric oxide, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Kidney Int Suppl. 2003; (84):S22-4. DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.63.s84.6.x. View

Kobayashi T, Ruan S, Clodi K, Kliche K, Shiku H, Andreeff M . Overexpression of Bax gene sensitizes K562 erythroleukemia cells to apoptosis induced by selective chemotherapeutic agents. Oncogene. 1998; 16(12):1587-91. DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1201681. View

Kumar S, Bharti A, Mishra N, Raina D, Kharbanda S, Saxena S . Targeting of the c-Abl tyrosine kinase to mitochondria in the necrotic cell death response to oxidative stress. J Biol Chem. 2001; 276(20):17281-5. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M101414200. View

Cunha-Oliveira T, Rego A, Cardoso S, Borges F, Swerdlow R, Macedo T . Mitochondrial dysfunction and caspase activation in rat cortical neurons treated with cocaine or amphetamine. Brain Res. 2006; 1089(1):44-54. DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2006.03.061. View

Malkus K, Tsika E, Ischiropoulos H . Oxidative modifications, mitochondrial dysfunction, and impaired protein degradation in Parkinson's disease: how neurons are lost in the Bermuda triangle. Mol Neurodegener. 2009; 4:24. PMC: 2701947. DOI: 10.1186/1750-1326-4-24. View

Zhang R, Xu S, Cai Y, Zhou M, Zuo X, Chan P . Ganoderma lucidum Protects Dopaminergic Neuron Degeneration through Inhibition of Microglial Activation. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2009; 2011:156810. PMC: 3136196. DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nep075. View

Letai A, Bassik M, Walensky L, Sorcinelli M, Weiler S, Korsmeyer S . Distinct BH3 domains either sensitize or activate mitochondrial apoptosis, serving as prototype cancer therapeutics. Cancer Cell. 2002; 2(3):183-92. DOI: 10.1016/s1535-6108(02)00127-7. View

Shiao M . Natural products of the medicinal fungus Ganoderma lucidum: occurrence, biological activities, and pharmacological functions. Chem Rec. 2003; 3(3):172-80. DOI: 10.1002/tcr.10058. View

Tan S, Wood M, Maher P . Oxidative stress induces a form of programmed cell death with characteristics of both apoptosis and necrosis in neuronal cells. J Neurochem. 1998; 71(1):95-105. DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.71010095.x. View

10.

Doerflinger M, Glab J, Puthalakath H . BH3-only proteins: a 20-year stock-take. FEBS J. 2015; 282(6):1006-16. DOI: 10.1111/febs.13190. View

11.

Chan P . Reactive oxygen radicals in signaling and damage in the ischemic brain. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2001; 21(1):2-14. DOI: 10.1097/00004647-200101000-00002. View

12.

Zhou Z, Tang Y, Xiang J, Wua P, Jin H, Wang Z . Neuroprotective effects of water-soluble Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides on cerebral ischemic injury in rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2010; 131(1):154-64. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.06.023. View

13.

Linseman D, Butts B, Precht T, Phelps R, Le S, Laessig T . Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta phosphorylates Bax and promotes its mitochondrial localization during neuronal apoptosis. J Neurosci. 2004; 24(44):9993-10002. PMC: 6730230. DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2057-04.2004. View

14.

Mailly F, Marin P, Israel M, Glowinski J, Premont J . Increase in external glutamate and NMDA receptor activation contribute to H2O2-induced neuronal apoptosis. J Neurochem. 1999; 73(3):1181-8. DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0731181.x. View

15.

Lai B, Pu H, Cao Q, Jing H, Liu X . Activation of caspase-3 and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase signaling pathways involving heroin-induced neuronal apoptosis. Neurosci Lett. 2011; 502(3):209-13. DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2011.07.046. View

16.

Yang Y, Kaul S, Zhang D, Anantharam V, Kanthasamy A . Suppression of caspase-3-dependent proteolytic activation of protein kinase C delta by small interfering RNA prevents MPP+-induced dopaminergic degeneration. Mol Cell Neurosci. 2004; 25(3):406-21. DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2003.11.011. View

17.

Zhao W, Jiang X, Deng W, Lai Y, Wu M, Zhang Z . Antioxidant activities of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides and their role on DNA damage in mice induced by cobalt-60 gamma-irradiation. Food Chem Toxicol. 2011; 50(2):303-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.10.071. View

18.

Allen C, Bayraktutan U . Oxidative stress and its role in the pathogenesis of ischaemic stroke. Int J Stroke. 2009; 4(6):461-70. DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-4949.2009.00387.x. View

19.

Chang H, Oehrl W, Elsner P, Thiele J . The role of H2O2 as a mediator of UVB-induced apoptosis in keratinocytes. Free Radic Res. 2003; 37(6):655-63. DOI: 10.1080/1071576031000094907. View

20.

Happo L, Strasser A, Cory S . BH3-only proteins in apoptosis at a glance. J Cell Sci. 2012; 125(Pt 5):1081-7. PMC: 3324577. DOI: 10.1242/jcs.090514. View