Bifurcated Great Saphenous Vein: A Report on Its Therapeutic and Diagnostic Perspectives

The great saphenous vein (GSV) is the longest superficial vein in the body extending from the medial malleolus to groin skin crease level. The clinical usage of GSV has made its anatomical variations noteworthy. Since many tributaries accompany it, GSV is often mistaken with the variant vein. Duplication and persistence of accessory GSV are the two major clinically significant anatomical variations of the GSV which is frequently misinterpreted as a synonym. In the present case, we report a unique variation of GSV wherein it bifurcated into anterior and posterior divisions of two uneven calibers at knee region, which then reunited at thigh region to form a single vein before its termination into the femoral vein. Locating such variations of bifurcated GSV is a challenging task for both diagnostic and therapeutic tactics, particularly in venography procedures as it might lead to iatrogenic traumatic injury of the vessel.