Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy is Associated with Expansion and Activation of CDCD28, Th22 and Tfh and B Lymphocytes

Overview

Journal Sci Rep

Specialty Science

Date 2017 Jul 29

PMID 28751644

Citations 30

Authors

Alba Mangas-Losada

Raquel Garcia-Garcia

Amparo Urios

Desamparados Escudero-Garcia

Joan Tosca

Remedios Giner-Duran

Miguel Angel Serra

Carmina Montoliu

Vicente Felipo

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Peripheral inflammation acts synergistically with hyperammonemia in inducing neurological alterations in cirrhotic patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE). We hypothesized that appearance of MHE would be associated to some specific qualitative change in peripheral inflammation. The aim of this work was to characterize the changes in peripheral inflammation associated to appearance of MHE. We analyzed it by immunophenotyping and cytokine profile analysis, in cirrhotic patients without or with MHE and controls. The main alterations associated specifically with MHE are: 1) increased activation of all subtypes of CD4 T-lymphocytes, with the increased expression of CD69; 2) increased amount of CD4CD28 T lymphocytes, associated with increased levels of CX3CL1 and of IL-15; 3) increased differentiation of CD4 T lymphocytes to Th follicular and Th22; 4) increased activation of B lymphocytes and serum IgG. This study has identified some specific alterations of the immune system associated with appearance of the neurological alterations in MHE patients.

Citing Articles

Ammonia and beyond - biomarkers of hepatic encephalopathy.

Gallego J, Ballester M, Fiorillo A, Casanova-Ferrer F, Lopez-Gramaje A, Urios A Metab Brain Dis. 2025; 40(1):100.

PMID: 39812958 PMC: 11735499. DOI: 10.1007/s11011-024-01512-7.

Contribution of extracellular vesicles to neuroinflammation and cognitive and motor deficits in hyperammonemia and hepatic encephalopathy.

Izquierdo-Altarejos P, Felipo V Extracell Vesicles Circ Nucl Acids. 2024; 5(1):37-43.

PMID: 39698415 PMC: 11648396. DOI: 10.20517/evcna.2023.66.

A transient blood IL-17 increase triggers neuroinflammation in cerebellum and motor incoordination in hyperammonemic rats.

Arenas Y, Montoliu C, Llansola M, Felipo V J Neuroinflammation. 2024; 21(1):314.

PMID: 39616376 PMC: 11608494. DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03310-5.

Infection, inflammation and hepatic encephalopathy from a clinical perspective.

Ntuli Y, Shawcross D Metab Brain Dis. 2024; 39(8):1689-1703.

PMID: 39212845 PMC: 11535002. DOI: 10.1007/s11011-024-01402-y.

Role of peripheral inflammation in minimal hepatic encephalopathy.

Llansola M, Izquierdo-Altarejos P, Montoliu C, Mincheva G, Palomares-Rodriguez A, Pedrosa M Metab Brain Dis. 2024; 39(8):1667-1677.

PMID: 39177864 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-024-01417-5.

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