Bone Mineral Density in People Living with HIV: a Narrative Review of the Literature

Overview

Journal AIDS Res Ther

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialty Infectious Diseases

Date 2017 Jul 28

PMID 28747190

Citations 30

Authors

M J Kruger

T A Nell

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Bone health status is largely absent in South Africa, the main reasons being the absence and cost-effectiveness of specific screening equipment for assessing bone mineral density (BMD). Various risk factors seem to play a role, some of which can be modified to change bone health status. Urbanisation is also a public health concern. Changing nutritional, as well as social behaviour, play integral roles in the prevalence and incidence of decreased BMD. Furthermore, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) specifically, has a negative impact on BMD and although highly active antiretroviral therapy increases the prognosis for HIV-infected individuals, BMD still seem to decrease further. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry is considered the gold standard for BMD assessment; however, recent developments have provided more cost-effective screening methods, among which heel quantitative ultrasound appears to be the most widely used in resource limited countries such as South Africa.

Citing Articles

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