Diagnosing Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip Using the Graf Ultrasound Method: Risk and Protective Factor Analysis in 11,820 Universally Screened Newborns
Overview
Affiliations
Conclusion: The significance and the informative value of risk and protective factor combinations, e.g., for selective ultrasound surveys, are limited. Early universal ultrasound screening using the Graf method is advised to timely detect hip immaturity and pathologies and to provide the optimal approach for mature or immature but appropriate for age and pathologic hips. What is Known: • Ultrasound screening is essential for diagnosis and treatment of DDH in time while the weighting and correlation of protective factors and perinatal risk and their role for the ultrasound screening protocol still give rise to debate. What is New: • The effects of single risk and protective factors for DDH do not cumulate or counteract, resulting in a limited value of a selective screening protocol based on risk and protective factors. • A universal screening protocol using the Graf ultrasound method is recommended.
Risk Factors for Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip Before 3 Months of Age: A Meta-Analysis.
Tirta M, Rahbek O, Kold S, Husum H JAMA Netw Open. 2025; 8(1):e2456153.
PMID: 39853978 PMC: 11762239. DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.56153.
Bingol I, Tasci M, Yasar N, Ata N, Ulgu M, Birinci S J Child Orthop. 2024; 19(1):99-105.
PMID: 39678014 PMC: 11635793. DOI: 10.1177/18632521241299318.
Tirta M, Hellfritzsch M, Maimburg R, Henriksen M, Lapitskaya N, Kold S Acta Orthop. 2023; 94:594-599.
PMID: 38093629 PMC: 10720353. DOI: 10.2340/17453674.2023.26188.
Ultrasonographic screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip: the Graf method revisited.
Kolovos S, Sioutis S, Papakonstantinou M, Serenidis D, Altsitzioglou P, Karampikas V Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2023; 34(2):723-734.
PMID: 37884843 DOI: 10.1007/s00590-023-03767-9.
Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: How Many Risk Factors Are Needed?.
Ionescu A, Dragomirescu M, Herdea A, Ulici A Children (Basel). 2023; 10(6).
PMID: 37371200 PMC: 10297538. DOI: 10.3390/children10060968.