Estimated Prevalence of Halitosis: a Systematic Review and Meta-regression Analysis

Overview

Journal Clin Oral Investig

Specialty Dentistry

Date 2017 Jul 6

PMID 28676903

Citations 38

Authors

Manuela F Silva

Fabio R M Leite

Larissa B Ferreira

Natalia M Pola

Frank A Scannapieco

Flavio F Demarco

Gustavo G Nascimento

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to conduct a systematic review to determine the prevalence of halitosis in adolescents and adults.

Methods: Electronic searches were performed using four different databases without restrictions: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and SciELO. Population-based observational studies that provided data about the prevalence of halitosis in adolescents and adults were included. Additionally, meta-analyses, meta-regression, and sensitivity analyses were conducted to synthesize the evidence.

Results: A total of 584 articles were initially found and considered for title and abstract evaluation. Thirteen articles met inclusion criteria. The combined prevalence of halitosis was found to be 31.8% (95% CI 24.6-39.0%). Methodological aspects such as the year of publication and the socioeconomic status of the country where the study was conducted seemed to influence the prevalence of halitosis.

Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that the estimated prevalence of halitosis was 31.8%, with high heterogeneity between studies. The results suggest a worldwide trend towards a rise in halitosis prevalence.

Clinical Relevance: Given the high prevalence of halitosis and its complex etiology, dental professionals should be aware of their roles in halitosis prevention and treatment.

Citing Articles

Evaluation of self-perceived halitosis and effective conditions in periodontology clinic applicants: A cross-sectional study.

Ozkan Sen D, Durmaz E, Sarac F Medicine (Baltimore). 2024; 103(50):e40424.

PMID: 39686468 PMC: 11651456. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000040424.

Self-perceived halitosis and associated factors among university students in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Dey A, Khan M, Eva F, Islam T, Hawlader M BMC Oral Health. 2024; 24(1):909.

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Phyllanthus emblica fruit extract alleviates halitosis and reduces the inflammatory response to oral bacteria.

Lu C, Qing L, Yina L J Appl Oral Sci. 2024; 32:e20240047.

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The role of periodontitis in the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in participants with the components of metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Lu L, Zhao D, Li C, Sun Y, Geng F, Zhang S Clin Oral Investig. 2024; 28(6):339.

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Effect of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy on the Tongue Dorsum on Reducing Halitosis and the Duration of the Effect: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Maruyama T, Ekuni D, Yokoi A, Nagasaki J, Sawada N, Morita M Healthcare (Basel). 2024; 12(10).

PMID: 38786391 PMC: 11121130. DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12100980.

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